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Motion and Machines
Unit 5 - Force and Motion / Work & Machines
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| balanced force | forces on an object that are equal in size and opposite in direction |
| effort distance | distance over which the effort is applied |
| effort force | the force applied to the machine |
| force | a push or pull that changes motion |
| gravity | an attractive force between any objects that depends on the masses of the objects and the distance between them |
| inertia | the tendency of an object to resist any change in its motion |
| machine | a device that makes work easier |
| net force | the sum of forces acting on an object |
| Newton’s 1st law | states that an object moving at constant velocity keeps moving at that velocity unless an unbalanced force acts on it |
| Newton’s 2nd law | states that the acceleration of an object is in the same direction as the net force on the object and can be calculated by F=ma |
| Newton’s 3rd law | states that when one object exerts a force on a second object, the second one exets a force on the first that is equal in strength and opposite in direction |
| resistance distance | the distance required by the machine to move the object |
| resistance force | the force applied by the machine |
| weight | the gravitational force exerted on an object |
| work | a force applied over a distance that causes a change in motion |
| mechanical advantage | ratio of the output force exerted by the machine to the input force applied to the machine |
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