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BOOK FINAL
Forces, Energy, and Motion
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Speed/Average Speed | The speed of an object is a measure of how far something moves in a given amount of time Average speed is a way to calculate the speed of an object that may not always be moving at a constant speed |
| Force | A push or a pull |
| Gravitational Force | The force of attraction on all masses |
| Elastic Potential Energy | When an object has stretched or compressed |
| Potential Energy | The energy an object has because of its position, composition, or chemical composition |
| Output Force(Load) | The force a machine exerts on an object |
| Input Force(Effort) | The force you apply to a machine through a distance |
| Insulator | A material through which charges cannot move easily |
| Direct Current(DC) | A current in which charges always flow in the same direction |
| Circuit | A complete, closed path through which electric charges can flow |
| Magnetic Field | The area surrounding a magnet where magnetic forces can be detected |
| Velocity | Speed in a specific direction |
| Net Force | The combination of all the forces acting on an object |
| Kinetic Energy | The energy of motion |
| Gravitational Potential Energy | The energy an object has due to its position above the ground |
| Fulcrum | The fixed point at which a bar pivots |
| Work | The use of force to move an object some distance in the direction of the force |
| Semiconductor | A special class of materials that conduct electric charge better than electrical insulators but not as well as electrical conductors |
| Resistance | The opposition to the flow of electric charge |
| Series Circuit | A circuit in which all parts are connected in a row that forms one path for the electric charges to flow |
| Electromagnet | A heavy duty magnet used in scrap yards An iron core wrapped with electric wire |
| Acceleration | The rate at which velocity changes |
| Inertia | The tendency of all objects to resist a change in motion |
| Chemical Potential Energy | The energy an object has due to its chemical bonds (food) |
| Mechanical Energy | The energy possessed by an object due to its motion and position |
| Conductor | A material through which charges can move freely |
| Alternating Current(AC) | A current in which charges repeatedly shift from flowing in one direction to flowing the reverse direction |
| Load(Circuit) | A device that uses electrical energy to operate |
| Parallel Circuit | A circuit in which charges have more than one path that they can follow |
| Permanent Magnet | A magnet which holds a magnetic force |
| Formula- Average Speed | average speed= distance/time |
| Formula- Acceleration | average acceleration= (final velocity - starting velocity)/time |
| Formula- Net Force | 1N + 2N= 3N (If forces are acting in the same direction, add. If forces are acting in opposite directions, subtract) |
| Formula- Force | Force= Mass x Acceleration |
| Formula- Kinetic Energy | 1/2mv(squared) m=mass v=speed |
| Formula- Mechanical Energy | Kinetic Energy + Mechanical potential energy =Mechanical Energy or ME=1/2mv(squared) + mgh |
| Formula- Mechanical Advantage | Mechanical Advantage= Output force/input force |
| Formula- Work | work=force x distance |
| Formula- Power | power= energy/time |
Created by:
18Fontek0105
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