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Myers 9th test #4

The 4th tests vocabulary for psych 101 at MJC.

TermDefinition
SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY The scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another.
ATTRIBUTION THEORY The theory that we explain someone's behavior by crediting either the situation or the persons disposition.
FOOT-IN-THE-DOOR PHENOMENON The tendency for people who have first agreed to a small request to comply later with a larger request.
COGNITIVE DISSONANCE THEORY The theory that we act to reduce the discomfort (dissonance) we feel when two of our thoughts (cognition's) are inconsistent.
SOLOMON ASCH'S CONFORMITY STUDY Study on conformity. Most likely to conform when we are made to feel incompetent, insecure, have 3 people around, admire a group, know we are being watched, Haven't made a prior commitment to an answer, or our culture encourages respect for social stand.
ZIMBARDO'S PRISON STUDY In 1972 Philip Zimbardo had a toxic situation. "When ordinary people are put in a novel, evil place, such as most prisons, Situations Win, People Lose."
SOCIAL FACILITATION Improved performance on simple or well-learned tasks in the presence of others.
SOCIAL LOAFING The tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling their efforts toward attaining a common goal than when individually accountable.
DEINDIVIDUATION The loss of self-awareness and self-restraint occurring in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity.
MERE EXPOSURE EFFECT The phenomenon that repeated exposure to novel stimuli increases linking of them.
BYSTANDER EFFECT The tendency for any given bystander to be less likely to give aid if other bystanders are present.
ECLECTIC THERAPY An approach to psychotherapy that, depending on the client's problems, uses techniques from various forms of therapy.
PSYCHOANALYSIS 1.Freud's theory of personality that attributes thoughts and action to unconscious motives and conflicts. 2.Freud's therapeutic technique used in treating psychological disorders.
HUMANISTIC THERAPY Try to reduce the inner conflicts that interfere with natural development and growth. To achieve this goal, humanistic therapists try to give clients new insights.
CLIENT-CENTERED THERAPY A humanistic therapy, developed by Carl Rogers, in which the therapist uses techniques such as active listening within a genuine, accepting, empathic environment to facilitate clients' growth. (Also called person-centered therapy.)
BEHAVIOR THERAPY Therapy that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors.
SYSTEMATIC DESENSITIZATION A type of exposure therapy that associates a pleasant relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli. Commonly used to treat phobias.
AVERSIVE CONDITIONING A type of counter-conditioning that associates an unpleasant state (such as nausea)with an unwanted behavior (such as drinking alcohol).
BIOMEDICAL THERAPY Prescribed medications or procedures that act directly on the person's physiology.
PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY The study of the effects of drugs on mind and behavior.
ANTIPSYCHOTICS Drugs used to treat schizophrenia and other forms of severe thought disorder.
ANTIDEPRESSANTS Drugs used to treat depression and some anxiety disorders. Different types work by altering the availability of various neurotransmitters.
ANTI-ANXIETY MEDS Drugs used to control anxiety and agitation.
BRAIN STIMULATION Therapy's involving activating or touching the brain directly with electricity, magnets, or implants to treat depression and other disorders.
DMS The American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition, with an updated "text revision"; a widely used system for classifying psychological disorders. NOTE: Known in the text book as DSM-IV-TR
GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER An anxiety disorder in which a person is continually anxiety disorder in which a person is continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal.
PANIC DISORDER An anxiety disorder marked by unpredictable, minutes-long episodes of intense dread in which a person experiences terror and accompanying chest pain, choking, or other frightening sensations.
OCD OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER An anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts (obsessions), actions (compulsions), or both.
MOOD DISORDERS Psychological disorders characterized by emotional extremes. See major depressive disorder, mania, and bipolar disorder.
DEPRESSION (Major Depressive Disorder?) A mood disorder in which a person experiences, in the absence of drugs or another medical condition, two or more weeks of significantly depressed moods or diminished interest or pleasure in most activities along with at lest four other symptoms.
SEROTONIN A Neurotransmitter found in the digestive tract, the central nervous system, blood platelets and the pineal gland. It is also known as 5-hydroxytryptamine, which is often abbreviated to 5-HT
BIPOLAR DISORDER A mood disorder in which a person experiences, in the absence of drugs or another medical condition, two or more weeks of significantly depressed moods or diminished interest or pleasure in most activities, along with at least four other symptoms.
SCHIZOPHRENIA A group of severe disorders characterized by disorganized and delusional thinking, disturbed perceptions, and inappropriate emotions and behaviors.
DOPAMINE A Neurotransmitter that helps control the brain's reward and pleasure centers. It also helps regulate movement and emotional responses, and it enables us not only to see rewards, but to take action to get to them.
DISSOCIATIVE DISORDERS Disorders in which conscious awareness becomes separated (dissociated) from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings.
ANOREXIA NERVOSA An eating disorder in which a person (usually an adolescent female)maintains a starvation diet despite being significantly (15 percent or more) underweight.
BULIMIA NERVOSA An eating disorder in which a person alternates binge eating (usually of high-calorie foods) with purging (by vomiting or laxative use) or fasting.
PERSONALITY DISORDERS Psychological disorders characterized by inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning.
Created by: rebecca96
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