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A and P
nervous system and senses
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Epineurium | outermost covering of a nerve |
| axons | carry nerve impulses away from the cell body |
| dendrites | are usually highly branched |
| medulla oblongata | is where the vital senses are located, part of the brain stem that holds the vital centers |
| oligodendrocytes | type of glia cell that produces myelan for cells in the brain |
| dura matter | outer most layer of meninges |
| neurolemma | The outer cell membrane of a Schwann cell |
| cerebellum | muscle coordination and lies just below the occipital lobe of cerebrum |
| conjuctiva | a mucous membrane that lines the underside of the eyelids and covers the sclera in front |
| iris | colored circular structure, seen through the cornea |
| pupil | a hole in this doughnut-shaped muscle that dilates |
| glaucoma | casued by excessive intraocular pressure |
| tympanic membrane | where the external ear ends |
| cochlea | structure in the inner ear considered the organ of hearing |
| Bones of the middle of the ear? | stapes, incus, malleus |
| cornea | window of the eye |
| mid brain | most superior part of the brain stem |
| hypothalumus | structure that is part of CNS but also produces hormones for endocrine system |
| cerebrum | largest and uppermost part of brain |
| sulcus | a shallow groove in outer surface of cerebrum |
| glaucoma | caused by excessive intraocular pressure |
| tinnitus | ringing in the ear |
| cataracts | caused by cloudy spots in the lens of the eye |
| nyctalopia | night blindness |
| oteosclerosis | a structural irregularity of the stapes that impairs conduction |
| presbyopia | "old sightedness |
| otitis | refers to any ear infection |
| Refraction disorders | myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism |
| macular degeneration | leading cause of blindness in elderly |
| meniere disease | a chronic ear disease of unknown cause characterized by nerve defness and vertigo |
| conjunctivitis | another term for pink eye |
| multiple sclerosis | considered a myelin disorder, oligodendryte injury or death occurs, disease is most common in women within ages of 20 and 40 |
| nervous system tumors | neuroma is a general name for nervous system tumor, multiple neurofibromatsis is an example of a nervous system tumor, most tumors in nervous system result from metastasis of other types of tumors. |
| pons | part of the brainstem that links the medulla oblongota and the thalamus |
| *why are males more likely to be colorblind? | Genes on the X chromosome that produce abnormal photopigments |
| *Why is the smell of paint when walking in a newly painted room strong but less strong longer your there? | your olfactory sensors are easily fatigued |
| *What about pathway for sense of smell that explains why smell of a traditional thanksgiving meal can generate such strong emotional memories | nervous system stimulates info imbedded in your brain |
| which type of glia cell produces myelin for cells in brain? | oliodendrocytes |
| most simple nervous system pathway? | a two-neuron pathway |
| 3 functions of the hypothalamus? | produces antiduretic hormone, helps regulate body temp, and helps regulate water balance |
| parkinson disease is a nervous system disorder resulting from a deficiency of which neurotransmitter? | dopamine |
| sense of smell is what type of sense? | a special sense, and a chemoreceptor |
| 3 layers of tissue that form the eyeball? | retina, choroid and sclera |
| what are 3 parts of the brain stem | pons, mid brain, medulla oblongata |
| 2 systems that help regulate body function? | endocrine and nervous system |
| involuntary muscle that makes up the front part of the choroid | iris, and ciliary body |
| inflammation of brain tissue increases activity of? | microglia |
| gray matter is gray because it doesnt have...? | myelin |
| lack of oxygen getting to the neurons of brain can cause | stroke, and cerebral palsy |
| does alzheimer disease have a known cause? | no |
| Does huntington disease have a known cause? | yes |
| Spinal cord extends from? to? | occipital bone to the bottom of first lumbar vertebra |
| pia mater, arachnoid matter, and dura mater are part of? | the meninges |
| axons carry nerve impulses | away from the cell body |
| are there more chemoreceptor special senses or photoreceptor special senses | chemoreceptor |
| sense of taste | is a chemoreceptor and is genereated by cells in the taste buds called gustatory cells, there are 4 primary tastes |
| sense of smell | the olfactory receptors are very sensitive, and it is a chemoreceptor |
| sclera | the white of the eye |
| vitreous humor is found in...? | the posterior chamber of eye |
| The photoreceptors of the eye are... | the rods and cones |
| Newborns are given antibiotic eyedrops because... | there can be infection causing organisms in birth canal |
| The organ of Corti is | the organ of hearing |
| Much of sense of taste is actually | sense of smell |
| olfactory receptors are responsible for... | sense of smell |
| The sense organ that responds to light is... | a special sense organ |
| The back is one of the least sensitive areas of body for... | sense of touch |
| *functions of 3 types of glia cells....1 | astrocytes:glia cells that help form the blood-brain barrier |
| 2....function of glia cell | microglia:cells that act as microbe-eating scavengers in the CNS |
| 3....fuction of glia cell | oligodendrocytes:cells that make myelin for axons inside the CNS |
| is multiple neurofibromatosis an autoimmune response or viral infection | no |
| corpus callosum | connects R and L hemispheres of the cerebrum |
| hyperopia | far-sightedness |
| The cause of multiple neurofibrosis is... | it is a mutation of the NF1 gene |
| Dopamine and norepinephrine are... | catecholamines |
| Huntingtons disease; Alzheimers disease; | has a known cause; does not have a known cause |
| The spinal cord extends from | the base of the skull to the pelvis |
| If a person has blue eyes it is because... | the iris is blue |
| The oval window separates... | middle and inner ear |
| How many primary tastes to which the sense of taste can respond, but more are likely to be discovered are there? | 5...salty, sour, sweet, bitter, and umami |
Created by:
aklecha
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