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Motivation & Emotion
Part 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Motivation | A need or desire that energizes and directs behavior. |
| Instinct | a complex behavior that is rigidly patterend throughout a species and is unlearned |
| Drive-reduction theory | the idea that a physiological need creates an aroused tension state that motivates an organsim to satisfy the need; someone that is hungry will eat to release the tension |
| Incentive | a positive or negetive environmental stimulus that motivates behavior; NEED(foor, water).....DRIVE(hunger, thirst)....DRIVE-REDUCING BEHAVIORS(eating, drinking) |
| Achievement motivation | a desire for significant accomplishment, mastery of things, people or ideas, for attaining a high standard |
| James-Lange Theory | theory that experience of emotion is physiological response to emotion arousing stimuli. stimulus-->phys. arousal=emotion |
| Cannon-Bard Theory | theory that emotion arousing stimulus simultaneously triggers physiological response and experience of emotion. stimulus-->phys. arousal+emotion |
| Lateral Hypothalamus | It is concerned with hunger. Damage to this area can cause reduced food intake. Stimulating the lateral hypothalamus causes a desire to eat. |
| Set-Point Theory | the theory that each person has an individual thermostat governing how much food they want to eat and how much fat they will store from food intake |
| Primary Drives | Biological needs (e.g., thirst). - Drive reduction theory states that our behavior is motivated by biological needs. |
| Intrinsic Motivation | Rewards we get internally, such as enjoyment or satisfaction. |
| Extrinsic Motivation | Extrinsic motivation comes from outside of the individual. Common extrinsic motivations are rewards (for example money or grades) for showing the desired behavior, and the threat of punishment following misbehavior. |
| Secondary Drives | A drive not directly related to a biological need. Also called acquired drive . |
| Opponent Process Theory of Motivation | States that people are usually at a normal, or baseline, state. We might perform an act that moves us from the baseline state, such as smoking a cigarette. |
| Arousal Theory | States that we seek an optimum level of excitement or arousal - Each of us has a different need for excitement or arousal, and we are motivated by activities that will help us achieve this level. |
| Approach-Approach Conflict | Occurs when you must choose between two desirable outcomes. |
| Avoidance-Avoidance Theory | Exists when one event or goal has both attractive and unattractive features. |
| Maslows Hierarchy of Needs | We will act to satisfy biological needs like survival and safety. Then, we will act to satisfy our emotional needs like love and self-esteem. |
| Two Factor Theory | Suggests that both our physical responses and our cognitive labels (our mental interpretations) combine to cause any particular emotional response. |
| General Adaptation Theory | Our response pattern to many different physical and emotional stresses is very consistent. - Process progresses through alarm reaction, resistance, and exhaustion phases. |
| Obesity | People with diagnosed obesity are severely overweight, often by over 100 pounds, and the excess weight threatens their health |
| Bulimia | Bulimics eat large amounts of food in a short period of time (binging) and then get rid of the food (purging) by vomiting, exercising excessively, or using laxatives. |
| Anorexia | Anorexics starve themselves to below 85 percent of their normal body weight and refuse to eat due to their obsession with weight. |
Created by:
zanepresnal
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