Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Chapter 4&5
Pharmacology Related to Addiction
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Psychiatric drugs | drugs used to treat forms of mental illness. |
| Psychotropic medication | the different name for psychiatric drugs |
| Biomedical model | The definition of the biomedical model holds that abnormal thoughts and behaviors result from abnormal biochemical process in the brain |
| Antipsychotic drugs | drugs to treat symptoms of schizophrenia |
| Schizophrenia | major mental illness, "cut off " from a sense of reality. Symptoms include hallucinations and delusional thinking, |
| Delusions | ideas with no foundation of reality |
| Caratonic | symptom in schizophrenia patient, is rigid , prolonged body posture. |
| Typical anti-psycotic drugs | majority of available anti-psychotic drugs, possible Parkinson's-like side effects. |
| Tardive Dyskinesia | serious side effect of treatment with first-generation (typical) anti-psychotic drugs.Ex. jerky movements of face and lips, unsteadiness in walking and rocking when seated. |
| Atypical anti-psychotic drugs | anti-psychotic drugs that don't cause Parkinson's-like side effects |
| Agranulocytosis | potentially deadly blood disorder associated with the anti-psychotic drug clozapine |
| Anti-depressants | drugs prescribed and used for treatment of depression |
| Monamine Oxidase (MAO) | an enzyme that breaks down dopamine, nor-epineohrine or serotonin at their respective synapses in the brain |
| MAO inhibitors | 1st generation antidepressants that reduce the effects of monoamine oxidase (MAO) in the brain |
| Tricyclic Anti-depressants | class of 1st generation anti-depressant drugs. BN Elavil |
| Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI's) | a group of anti-depressants that slow down the reuptake of serotonin at synapses in the brain |
| Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRI's) | a group of anti-depressants that slow down the reuptake of serotonin and norepinepheine at synapses in the brain |
| Mainia | mood disorder characterized by agitation, bursts of energy and impulsiveness |
| Bipolar Disorder | mood disorder in which patients swings back and forth between feelings of depression and mania |
| Litium Carbonate | psychiatric drug used in the treatment of mania or bipolar disorder |
| Autism | a form of dvlmt disability, typically shows during the first 3 years of life. That effects the normal dvlmt of the brain in areas of social comm and comm skills. Autistic kids & adults have a hard time in verbal and nonverbal talk and emotional response |
| Off-label usage | the practice of prescribing the use of particular education, even if the drug in question has not been FDA-approved for that purpose |
| Deinstitutionalization | the social policy of encouraging mentally ill individuals to be treated in community-based programs rather than in large mental hospitals |
| Parkinson's-like symptoms | side effects of typical anti-psychotic drugs, involving a fixed facial expression and difficulty walking |
| Sedative-hypnotics | a category of drugs that give a sense of calm. |
| Anti-anxiety drugs | drugs that make the user feel peaceful. Also known as tranquilizers |
| Inhalants | chemicals that give breathable vapors. They give euphoriant and depressant effects |
| Barbiturate | a drug in the family of depressant acid used for calming effects and anti-epileptic |
| Phenobarbital | long-acting barbiturate |
| Amobarital | and intermediate-acting barbiturate BN Amytal |
| Pentobital | a short-acting barbiturate BN Nembutal |
| Secobarbital | a short-acting barbiturate BN Seconal |
| REM-sleep rebound | phenomenon associated with the withdrawal from barbs. its REM increases resulting disturbed sleep and nightmares |
| Chloral Hydrate | a depressant drug once used for sleep. Can't take with alcohol causes illness. |
| Methaqualone | a non-barbiturate depressant drug once used for sedation.BN Quaalude |
| Methrobamte | a non-barbiturate anti-anxiety drug and sedative. BN Miltown. |
| Benzodiazepines | family of anti-anxiety drugs. Examples are diazepam (valum) |
| Chlordiazepocide | a major benzodiazepine drug for anxiety. BN Librium |
| Diazepam | a major benzodiazepine drug for anxiety |
| Zolpidem | a nonbenzodiazepine sedative-hynotic, introduced in 1993 for sleep. |
| Eszopiclone | a non-benzodiazepine sedative-hynotic, introduced in 2005 for sleep. |
| Buspirone | a non-benzodiazepine anti-anxiety drug introduced in 1986 |
| Beta Blockers | traditionally used to treat cardiac and blood pressure disorders. Also prescribed to people who suffer from "stage fright" or anxiety. Ex. atenolol (BN:Tenormin) |
| Ganna-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) | a strong depressant, often abused for sleep and sedation. When slipped into alcohol it could be a date-rape drug |
| Nitrous Oxide | a pain relieving gas referred to as laughing gas |
| Whippets | small containers holding pressured nitrous oxide |
| Hypoxia | a deficiency in oxygen intake |
| Ether | an anaesthetic drug first introduced to surgical practice by William T. Morton in the 1840s |
| Acetone | a chemical found in nail polish removers and other products |
| Benzene | a carcinogenic 9cancer-producing compound found in many solvent products,representing a serious health risk when inhaled |
| Hexane | a dangerous compound present in many glues and adhesive products. Inhalation of these products has been associated with muscle weakness and atrophy. |
| Toluene | a compound in glues, cements and other adhesive products. Inhalants of these products results in behavioral and brain impairments. |
| Triorthocresyl Phoshate | a gasoline additive. Inhalation of TCP- containing gasoline has been linked to spastic muscle disorders and liver problems. |
| Oil of mustard | an addictive form of glue that produces nose irritation. resulting in potential inhalant abuse |
| Describe the ways in which psychoactive medications can affect the neurotransmitter receptor system | Psychoactive drugs affect neurotransmitters by interrupting how the neurotransmitters affects the cell by either blocking or over producing an impluse |
| What is the major problem in the administration of clozpine (clozaril) in the treatment of Schizophrenia? | -can develop lethal blood disease -loss of white blood cells -decline in the immune system -clozaril blocks D4 receptors which is why motor difficulties do not arise |
| Describe the dopamine hypothesis of the action of anti psychotics | anti psychotics tend to block receptors in the brains dopamine pathway |
Created by:
kelseypayne95
Popular Pharmacology sets