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PSY CH5 VOCAB
PSY CH5 VBOCAB COURSEMATE
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Activation-synthesis hypothesis | An attempt to explain how dream content is affected by motor commands in the brain that occur during sleep but are not carried out. |
| Alpha waves | Large, slow brainwaves associated with relaxation and falling asleep. |
| Altered state of consciousness (ASC) | A condition of awareness distinctly different in quality or pattern from waking consciousness. |
| Anhedonia | An inability to feel pleasure. |
| Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) | A behavioral problem characterized by short attention span, restless movement, and impaired learning capacity. |
| Basic suggestion effect | The tendency of hypnotized persons to carry out suggested actions as if they were involuntary. |
| Beta waves | Small, fast brainwaves associated with being awake and alert. |
| Binge drinking | Consuming five or more drinks in a short time (four for women). |
| Biological rhythm | Any repeating cycle of biological activity, such as sleep and waking cycles or changes in body temperature. |
| Caffeinism | Excessive consumption of caffeine, leading to dependence and a variety of physical and psychological complaints. |
| Cataplexy | A sudden temporary paralysis of the muscles. |
| Concentrative meditation | Mental exercise based on attending to a single object or thought. |
| Condensation | Combining several people, objects, or events into a single dream image. |
| Consciousness | Mental awareness of sensations and perceptions of external events as well as self-awareness of internal events including thoughts, memories, and feelings about experiences and the self. |
| Deep sleep | Stage 4 sleep; the deepest form of normal sleep. |
| Delta waves | Large, slow brainwaves that occur in deeper sleep (stages 3 and 4). |
| Depressant | A substance that decreases activity in the body and nervous system. |
| Detoxification | In the treatment of alcoholism, the withdrawal of the patient from alcohol. |
| Displacement | Directing emotions or actions toward safe or unimportant dream images. |
| Dream processes | Mental filters that hide the true meanings of dreams. |
| Dream symbols | Images in dreams that serve as visible signs of hidden ideas, desires, impulses, emotions, relationships, and so forth. |
| Drug interaction | A combined effect of two drugs that exceeds the addition of one drug’s effects to the other. |
| Drug tolerance | A reduction in the body’s response to a drug. |
| Electroencephalograph (EEG) | A device designed to detect, amplify, and record electrical activity in the brain. |
| Hallucinogen | A substance that alters or distorts sensory impressions. |
| Hidden observer | A detached part of the hypnotized person’s awareness that silently observes events. |
| Hypnosis | An altered state of consciousness characterized by narrowed attention and increased suggestibility. |
| Hypnotic susceptibility | One’s capacity for becoming hypnotized. |
| Insomnia | Difficulty in getting to sleep or staying asleep. |
| Light sleep | Stage 1 sleep, marked by small, irregular brainwaves and some alpha waves. |
| Long sleeper | A person averaging 9 hours of sleep or more per night. |
| Lucid dream | A dream in which the dreamer feels awake and capable of normal thought and action. |
| Meditation | A mental exercise for producing relaxation or heightened awareness. |
| Microsleep | A brief shift in brainwave patterns to those of sleep. |
| Mindfulness | A state of open, nonjudgmental awareness of current experience. |
| Mindfulness meditation | Mental exercise based on widening attention to become aware of everything experienced at any given moment. |
| Narcolepsy | A sudden, irresistible sleep attack. |
| Neurocognitive dream theory | Proposal that dreams reflect everyday waking thoughts and emotions. |
| Night terror | A state of panic during NREM sleep. |
| Nightmare | A bad dream that occurs during REM sleep. |
| Non-REM (NREM) sleep | Non–rapid eye movement sleep characteristic of stages 1, 2, 3, and 4. |
| Physical dependence | Physical addiction, as indicated by the presence of drug tolerance and withdrawal symptoms. |
| Psychoactive drug | A substance capable of altering attention, memory, judgment, time sense, self-control, mood, or perception. |
| Psychodynamic theory | Any theory of behavior that emphasizes internal conflicts, motives, and unconscious forces. |
| Psychological dependence | Drug dependence that is based primarily on emotional or psychological needs. |
| Rapid eye movements (REMs) | Swift eye movements during sleep. |
| Relaxation response | The pattern of internal bodily changes that occurs at times of relaxation. |
| REM rebound | The occurrence of extra rapid eye movement sleep following REM sleep deprivation. |
| REM sleep | Sleep marked by rapid eye movements and a return to stage 1 EEG patterns. |
| Restricted Environmental Stimulation Therapy (REST) | A form of sensory deprivation that results in a variety of psychological benefits. |
| Secondary elaboration | Making a dream more logical and complete while remembering it. |
| Sensory deprivation (SD) | Any major reduction in the amount or variety of sensory stimulation. |
| Short sleeper | A person averaging 5 hours of sleep or less per night. |
| Sleep apnea | Repeated interruption of breathing during sleep. |
| Sleep deprivation | Being prevented from getting desired or needed amounts of sleep. |
| Sleep spindles | Distinctive bursts of brainwave activity that indicate a person is asleep. |
| Sleep stages | Levels of sleep identified by brainwave patterns and behavioral changes. |
| Sleep-deprivation psychosis | A major disruption of mental and emotional functioning brought about by sleep loss. |
| Somnambulism | Sleepwalking; occurs during NREM sleep. |
| Stage hypnosis | Use of hypnosis to entertain; often, merely a simulation of hypnosis for that purpose. |
| Stimulant | A substance that increases activity in the body and nervous system. |
| Stimulus control | Linking a particular response with specific stimuli. |
| Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) | The sudden, unexplained death of an apparently healthy infant. |
| Symbolization | The nonliteral expression of dream content. |
| Tranquilizer | A drug that lowers anxiety and reduces tension. |
| Waking consciousness | A state of clear, organized alertness. |
| Withdrawal symptoms | Physical illness and discomfort following the withdrawal of a drug. |
Created by:
jeni25
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