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Pharm - EENT

Pharmacology - Eyes, Ears, Nose, Throat

QuestionAnswer
Sodium Sulfacetamide EYE Anti-infective drops/ointment ADR: Irritation, stinging, burning, HA MOA: inhibits bacterial folic acid synthesis through competitive antagonism of PABA
Chloramphenicol (Chloroptic) EYE Anti-infective drops or ointment ADR: Bone marrow suppression, aplastic anemia, superinfection MOA: Binds to 50s ribosomal subunit, preventing protein synthesis
Neomycin, Bacitracin, and Polymyxin B (Neosporin ointment) Neomycin, Bacitracin, and Gramicidin (Neosporin solution) EYE Anti-infective drops/ointment ADR: Edema, itching, reddening MOA: Binds to 30s ribosomal subunit, preventing protein synthesis; Alters permeability of bacterial membranes causing leakage
Trimethoprim, Polymyxin B (Polytrim) EYE Anti-infective drops
Tobramycin (Tobrex) EYE Anti-infective drops/ointment ADR: Itching of the eyes, edema of eyelid MOA: Binds to both ribosomal subunits interfering with protein synthesis; causes defective cell membrane
Trifluridine (Viroptic) EYE Anti-infective drops ADR: Burning, stinging, increased IOP MOA: Incorporates into viral DNA in place of thymidine, resulting in defective protein formation
Ciprofloxacin (Ciloxan) EYE- QUINOLONE Anti-infective drops/ointment ADR: HA, rash, dizziness MOA: Inhibits DNA-gyrase; promotes breakdown of double stranded DNA
Moxifloxicaxin (Vigamox) EYE- QUINOLONE Anti-infective drop
Gatifloxacin (Zymar) EYE- QUINOLONE Anti-infective drop
Ketorolac tromethamine (Acular) EYE- NSAID drop For: Seasonal Allergy Conjunctivitis MOA: Thought to be reduction of PG F2 in aqueous humor No effect on IOP Contraindicated with soft contact lens use
Pemirolast potassium (Alamast) EYE Antiallergic Mast Cell Stabilizer No contact lenses during tx
Nedocromil sodium (Alocril) EYE Antiallergic Mast Cell Stabilizer No contact lenses during tx
Lodoxamide tromethamine (Alomide) EYE Antiallergic Mast Cell Stabilizer No contact lenses during tx
Cromolyn sodium (Crolom) EYE Antiallergic Mast Cell Stabilizer No contact lenses during tx
Loteprednol etabonate 0.2% (Alrex) 0.5% (Lotemax) EYE Steroid ADR: suppresses inflammatory response and may delay healing
Sulfacetamide sodium + prednisone acetate (Blephamide) EYE Antibiotic + Steroid ADR: Steroid suppresses inflammatory response and may delay healing
Cortisporin EYE Antibiotic + Steroid (drops/oint) ADR: Steroid suppresses inflammatory response and may delay healing
Dexacine EYE Antibiotic + Steroid (drops/oint) ADR: Steroid suppresses inflammatory response and may delay healing
Flourometholone (FML) (Flourometholone + sulfacetamide FML-S) EYE Steroid (with Antibiotic) ADR: suppresses inflammatory response and may delay healing
Prednisolone sodium phosphate (Inflamase or Iflamase forte) EYE Steroid ADR: suppresses inflammatory response and may delay healing
Prednisolone acetate 0.12% (Pred mild) EYE Steroid ADR: suppresses inflammatory response and may delay healing
Prednisolone acetate 1% (Pred forte) EYE Steroid ADR: suppresses inflammatory response and may delay healing
Tobramycin + dexamethoasone (Tobradex) EYE Steroid ADR: suppresses inflammatory response and may delay healing
Rimexolone (Vexol) EYE Steroid ADR: suppresses inflammatory response and may delay healing
Ciprofloxacin + dexametasone (Ciprodex) EYE Steroid + Antibiotic ADR: suppresses inflammatory response and may delay healing
Emedastine (Emadine) EYE Antihistamine
Levocabastine HCL (Livostin) EYE Antihistamine
Naphazoline HCL + pheniramine maleate (Naphcon A) EYE Antihistamine and Vasoconstrictor
Ketotifen (Zaditor) EYE Antihistamine and Mast Cell Stabilizer
Azelastine HCL (Optivar) EYE Antihistamine and Mast Cell Stabilizer
Olopatadine HCL (Patanol) EYE Antihistamine and Mast Cell Stabilizer
Cyclosporine (Restasis) EYE Lubricant Helps Increase Tear Production
Betaxolol HCL (Betoptic) EYE Anti-glaucoma med Indication: elevated IOP or ocular HTN Cardioselective beta adrenergic blocking agent. MOA: Reduces aqueous fluid; mechanism is unclear
Timolol maleate (Timoptic) EYE Anti-glaucoma med Indication: elevated IOP or ocular HTN Non selective beta adrenergic receptor blocking agent Contraindicated in pts with asthma, COPD, bradycardia, 2nd or 3rd degree heart block, cardiac failure, shock
Dorzolamide HCL (Trusopt) EYE Anti-glaucoma med Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor Indication: elevated IOP or ocular HTN ADR: This is a Sulfonamide; can see severe sulfa drug hypersensitivity rxns
Isoflurophate (Floropryl) EYE Cholinesterase Inhibitors Indication: tx of open angle glaucoma Produces rapid decrease in IOP
Demecarium Bromide (Humorsol) EYE Cholinesterase Inhibitors Indication: tx of open angle glaucoma Produces rapid decrease in IOP
Acetazolamide (Diamox) EYE Cholinesterase Inhibitors (tablet form) Indication: tx of open angle glaucoma Many contraindications Many adverse rxns
Latanoprost (xalatan) EYE Prostaglandin Agonist Indication: open angle glaucoma and ocular HTN May increase Brown Eye pigment
Travoprost (Travatan) EYE Prostaglandin Agonist Indication: open angle glaucoma and ocular HTN
Bimatoprost (Lumigan) EYE Prostaglandin Agonist Indication: open angle glaucoma and ocular HTN May cause increased growth and darkening of eyelashes; darkening of skin around the eye
Ofloxacin (Floxin otic) EAR Topical Anti-infective Indications: otitis externa in adults and children, chronic suppurative otitis media in adults with perforated TM, acute otitis media ADR: puritis, taste perversion, local rxns, dizziness, earache, veritgo, superinfection, ras
Ciprofloxacin + hydrocortisone (Cipro HC otic) EAR Topical Anti-infective Indication: Otitis externa Contraindication: Perforated TM
Chloroxylenol+ Pramoxine HCL + Hydrocortisone (Cortane-B or Zoto-HC) EAR Topical Anti-infective Indication: Superficial Infections Contraindication: Perforated TM, Tubes, Viral Infection
Neomycin + Hydrocortisone acetate + Thonzonium bromide (Cortisporin TC otic) EAR Topical Anti-infective Indications: Susceptible infections, mastoidectomy, fenestration cavities
Polymyxin B + Neomycin sulfate + Hydrocortisone (Pediotic) EAR Topical Anti-infective Indications: Susceptible infections, mastoidectomy, fenestration cavities
Hydrogen peroxide EAR Cerumen Removal Sg: A few drops for a few days
Cerumenex EAR Cerumen Removal
Debrox EAR Cerumen Removal
Azelastine (Astelin) NASAL Antihistamine Indication: Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis and Vasomotor Rhinitis ADR: bitter taste, HA, weight gain, nausea, fatigue
Beclomethasone diproprionate (Beconase AQ) NASAL Steroid
Triamcinolone acetonide (Nasocort AQ) NASAL Steroid
Fluticasone proprionate (Flonase) NASAL Steroid
Flunisolide (Nasarel) NASAL Steroid
Mometasone furoate (Nasonex) NASAL Steroid Begin dosing 4 weeks prior to season
Budesonide (Rhinocort AQ) NASAL Steroid
Cromolyn sodium (Nasalcrom) NASAL Mast Cell Stabilizer Begin one week prior to season
Ipatropium bromide (Atrovent) NASAL Anticholinergic Indication: Rhinorrhea from the common cold
Clotrimazole (Mycelex troche) Throat and Mouth Antifungal Indication: Oral candidiasis
Nystatin (Mycostatin) Throat and Mouth Antifungal Indication: Oral candidiasis
Itraconazole (Sporanox) Throat and Mouth Antifungal Indication: Oral candidiasis More expensive of the T/M antifungals
Fluconazole (Diflucan) Throat and Mouth Antifungal Indication: Oral candidiasis
Abreva Throat and Mouth Antiviral OTC Anti-herpetic
Denavir Throat and Mouth Antiviral OTC Anti-herpetic
Zovirax Throat and Mouth Antiviral OTC Anti-herpetic
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Created by: Marywood
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