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EricPSY1111
Final version of the Midterm PSY1111
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is Applied Psychology? | apply psychology to to practical problems in the real world |
| What is behaviorism and who is associated with it? | the environment leads to changes to behaviorism; psychology of observed |
| What is the main difference between a clinical psychologist and a psychiatirst? | A psychiatrist is a medical doctor (MD) who can perscribe medicine, and a psychologist cannot perscribe medicine and is a PHD |
| What are biological factors? | Factors that impact individual emotions that can be found in the body, that includes genetics |
| What is a psychologist? | not a doctor, cannot perscribe medicine, diagnoses and treats pschological problems (listens) |
| What is psychiatrist? | a medical doctor (MD)who can perscribe medicine, specializes in diagnosing and treating psychological problems |
| Define cognitive approach. | an approach that focuses on highter mental processes such as memory, learning, and reasoning. |
| What is psychoanalysis? Who is associated with it? | analyzing personality, treating disorders by focusing on the unconscious mind and childhood experiences; focuses on dark pessimistic view of human nature, dismisses free will and potential for growth |
| In the scientific method, what is a hypothesis? | a prediction or an educated guess |
| What is the scientific method? | a multi-step technique that generates empirical knowledge. Empirical knowledge is knowledge derived from systematic observations of the world. |
| What is a case study? | a descriptive research technique in which the effort is focused on a single case, usually an individual |
| What is experimental research? | a technique in which the investigator actively manipulates the environment to observe its effect on behaviot |
| What is the difference between experimental research and correlational research? | Experimental reseach looks to see if changing the environment changes behavior, but correlations research looks to see what change happens in a variable when change is done to another variable (statistics) |
| What is an experimental group? | the people who get the change in an experiment |
| What is a control group? | the people who do not get the change in an experiment |
| What is a placebo? | An inactive, or inert, subtance that resembles an experimental substance ("fake") |
| What is correlational research? | Correlational research looks for the relationship between two variables using statistics |
| What is a positive correlation? | as one variable goes up, the other goes up |
| What is a negative correlation? | as one variable goes up, the other goes down |
| What is an Independent Variable? | the variable that is manipulated in an experiment |
| What is a Dependent variable? | The variable that is being measured or observed in an experiment |
| What is the lymbic system? | a system of structures thought to be involved in motivational and emotional behaviors (the amydala) and memory (the hippocampus) |
| The amygdala and hippocampus are part of what system? | the limbic system |
| What is the amygdala? What does it do? | that part of the brain that controls emotion |
| What is the hippocampus? What does it do? | The part of the brain that controls the formation of memory |
| What is the central nervous system? | consists of the brain and spinal cord, acts as the central executive of the body |
| What is the peripheral nervous system | consists of nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord; moves muscles, regulates internal organs, directs sensory input to the brain; consists of somatic and autonomic nervous systems |
| What is the somatic nervous system | consists of the nerves that transmit sensory information toward the brain, and the nerves that connect to the skeletal muscles to initiate movement |
| What is the autonomic nervous system? | controls autonomic needs of the body, like the heart rate, digestion, blood pressure, and the activities of the internal glands |
| What are neurons? | the cells in the nervous system that receive and transmit information |
| What are dendrites | the fibers that extend outward from a neuron and receive information from the other neurons |
| What is an axon? | the long tail-like part of a neuron that serves as the cell’s transmitter |
| What is a synapse? | the small gap between the terminal buttons of a neuron and the dendrite or cell body of another neuron |
| What are neurotransmitters? | chemical messengers that relay information from one neuron to the next. |
| Which side of the body does the left hemisphere of the brain control? | the right side |
| Which side of the body does the right hemisphere of the brain control? | the left side |
| What does the corpus callosum do? | it transfers information across hemispheres |
| What does the hypothalamus do? | controls eating/hunger, drinking/thirst, sexual behaviors/ sex body temperature. |
| What are endorphins? | morphine-like chemicals that act as the brain`s natural painkillers |
| What is acetylcholine | a neurotransmitter that plays multiple roles in the central and peripheral nervous system including the excitation of muscle contractions |
| What is dopamine? | a neurotransmitter that has been linked to reward and pleasure systems in the brain; decreased levels have been linked to Parkinson disease, and increased levels have been linked to schizophrenia |
| What is Gamma a mino-butyric-acid (GABA)? | a neurotransmitter that may play a role in the regulation of anxiety; it generally produces inhibitory effects |
| What is serotonin? | (has to do with sleep) a neurotransmitter that has been linked to sleep, dreaming, and general arousal and may also be involved in some psychological disorders such as depression and schizophrenia. |
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free1ndeed
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