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chap 5
social interaction and structure
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| achieved status | a status attained by effort |
| ascribed status | a status determined by birth |
| collective consciousness | the body of beliefs that are common to a community or society, give sense of belonging |
| cyberspace interaction | an interaction between people through the medium of computer networks |
| division of labor | the systematic interrelation of different tasks that develops in complex societies |
| ethnomethodology | a technique for studying human interaction by deliberately disrupting social norms and observing how individuals attempt to restore normalcy |
| gemeinschaft | German for "community" a state characterized by by a sense of fellow feeling among the members of society |
| gesellschaft | German for "society" a form of social organization characterized by a high division of labor |
| group | a collection of individuals who interact and communicate, share goals and norms, and subjective awareness of "we" |
| impression management | a process by which people control how others perceive them |
| master status | some characteristic of a person that overrides all other features of the persons identity |
| macroanalysis | analysis of large processes and structures such as institutions |
| organic solidarity | unity based on role differentiation not similarity |
| paralinguistic communication | communication that is conveyed by voice pitch, loudness, rhythm, emphasis and frequency |
| preindustrial society | one that directly uses the land as a major means of survival |
| postindustrial society | society organized around the provision of services |
| proxemic communication | meaning conveyed by the amount of space maintained between interacting individuals |
| role | the expected behavior associated with a given status in society |
| role conflict | two or more roles associated with contradictory expectations |
| role model | a person we admire and whose behavior we imitate |
| role set | all the roles occupied by a person at a given time |
| role strain | conflicting expectations within the same role |
| social institution | an established and organized system of social behavior with a recognized purpose |
| social interaction | behavior between two or more people that is given meaning |
| social organization | the order established in social groups |
| social structure | the patterns of social relationships and social institutions that comprise society |
| society | a system of social interactions that includes both culture and social organization |
| status | an established position in a social structure that carries with it a degree of prestige |
| status inconsistency | exists when the different statuses occupied by the individual bring with them significantly different amounts of prestige |
| status set | the complete set of statuses occupied by a person at a given time |
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