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Ch.6 Holt
Chemical Reactions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| reactant | a substance or molecule that participates in a chemical reaction. |
| product | a substance that forms in a chemical reaction. |
| chemical energy | the energy released when a chemical compound reacts to produce new compounds |
| exothermic reaction | a chemical reaction in which heat is released to the surroundings |
| endothermic reaction | a chemical reaction that requires heat |
| synthesis reaction | reaction in which two or more substances combine to form a new compound. |
| decomposition reaction | a reaction in which a single compound breaks down to form two or more simpler substances. |
| electrolysis | the process in which an electric current is used to produce a chemical reaction, such as the decomposition of water. |
| combustion reaction | the oxidation reaction of an organic compound in which heat is released. |
| single displacement reaction | a reaction in which one element or radical takes the place of another element or radical in a compound. |
| double displacement reaction | a reaction in which a gas, a solid participate, or a molecular compound forms from the apparent exchange of atoms or ions between two compounds |
| oxidation reduction reaction | any chemical change in which one species is oxidized (loses electrons)and another species is reduced (gains electrons) also called redox reaction. |
| radical | an organic group that has one or more electrons available for bonding |
| chemical reaction | a representation of chemical reaction that uses symbols to show the relationship between the reactants and products. |
| mole ratio | the relative number of moles of the substances required to produce a given amount of product in a chemical reaction. |
| catalyst | a substance that changes the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed or changed significantly |
| enzyme | a type of protein that speeds up metabolic reactions in plants and animals without being permanently changed or destroyed. |
| substrate | a part substance or element that lies beneath and supports another part, substance or element; the reactant in reactions catalyzed by enzymes |
| chemical equilibrium | a state of a balance in which a rate of a forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction and the concentrations of products and reactants remain unchanged. |
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haasem
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