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Neurological Drugs
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Chronic (recurring)unusual electrical activity in the brain that causes seizures is called | epilepsy AKA seizure disorder |
| Grand mal seizures are characterized by: | 1.)LOC(loss of consciousness) 2.)Convulsions that include body stiffening(tonic phase)followed by violent jerking(clonic phase) 3.)Tongue biting 4.)Urinary incontinence which is a loss of bladder control AKA enuresis |
| Petit mal seizures are characterized by: | 1.)Loss of awareness AND staring 2.)twitching(facial) |
| Petit mal seizures are AKA | absence seizures |
| Absence seizures are more common in | children |
| A warning sign(Sx)OR symptom(SX)of an impending seizure is called an | aura(sensory disturbances) |
| The period of time just after a seizure when the victim is disoriented (confused) is called the | postictal period (5-30 minutes) |
| Medications used to treat seizures are called | antiseizure medications OR antiepileptics OR anticonvulsants |
| what class is Dilantin? | antipileptics |
| what class is Phenytoin? | antipileptics |
| what class is Luminal? | antipileptics |
| what class is phenobarbital("phenobarb")? | antipileptics |
| what class is Lamictal? | antipileptics |
| what class is Keppra? | antipileptics |
| what class is Topamax? | antipileptics,treat migraines and Bipolar Mental Disorder(BMD) |
| Medications prescribed to treat psychoses are called | Major tranquilizers OR antipsychotics,OR neuroleptics |
| Use of Topamax during pregnancy (gestation)has been linked to birth defects such as | cleft labia AND/OR cleft palate |
| Extreme seizures activity is called | status epilepticus |
| what class is Diastat? | treat status epilepticus |
| what class is diazepam? | sedative also treats status epilepticus |
| Alxheimer's disease (AD)is characterized by | an irreversible and progressive loss of neurons in the cerbral cortex. |
| Manifestations of Alzheimer's Disease(AD)include | progressive difficulty with memory,judgment, and reasoning AKA dementia |
| what class is Aricept? | treat Alzheimer's disease(AD) |
| what class is Exelon? | treat Alzheimer's disease(AD) |
| what class is Namenda? | treat Alzheimer's disease(AD) |
| Parkinson's Disease (PD) is characterized by: | 1.)Shaking tremors 2.)muscle rigidity 3.)Bradykinesia(slowness of movement) 4.)Mask-like facial expression 5.)Drooling 6.)Shuffling gait progressing to a loss of ability to ambulate. |
| Parkinson's Disease(PD) is caused by a deficiency of a chemical neurotransmitter in the brain called | dopamine |
| what class is Duodopa? | treat Parkinson's disease(PD) |
| what class is Parcopa? | treat Parkinson's disease(PD) |
| what class is Sinemet? | treat Parkinson's disease(PD) |
| what class is carbidopa + levodopa? | treat Parkinson's disease(PD) |
| what class is Requip? | treat Parkinson's disease(PD) |
| what class is Mirapex? | treat Parkinson's disease(PD) |
| Mirapex is also used to (class) | treat restless leg syndrome(RLS) |
| the inability to obtain adequate sleep is called | insomnia |
| Medications to treat insomnia are called | hypnotics |
| what class is Ambien? | hypnotics |
| what class is Lunesta? | hypnotics |
| what class is Rozerem? | hypnotics |
| what class is Restoril? | hypnotics |
| what class is temazepam? | hypnotics |
| Over the counter (OTC)hypnotics include: | 1.)Nytol 2.)Sominex |
| The active ingredient in Nytol and Sominex is | Benadryl AKA diphenhydramine(It's also a hypnotics, but isn't marketed that way) |
| Benadryl(diphenhydramine)is also classified as an | antihistamine |
| A common side effect of antihistamines is | drowsiness |
| A neurosis is characterized by | anxiety,anxiousness,AND tension at a more intense level then normal. |
| Anxiety can be associated with phobias such as: | 1.)Acrophobia(fear of heights) 2.)Arachnophobia(fear of spiders) 3.)Ophidiophobia(fear of snakes) 4.)Agoraphobia(fear of open spaces) 5.)Claustrophobia(fear of confined spaces) |
| Neuroses can also cause | "panic (anxiety)attacks." |
| Medications to treat neuroses are called | sedatives OR antianxiety drugs OR minor tranquilizers |
| what class is Xanax? | sedatives |
| what class is alprazolam? | sedatives |
| what class is Valium? | sedatives |
| what class is diazepam? | sedatives also status epilepticus |
| what class is Librium? | sedatives |
| what class is chlordiazepoxide? | sedatives |
| what class is Tranxene? | sedatives |
| what class is Ativan? | sedatives |
| what class is lorazepam? | sedatives |
| sedatives can lose effectiveness if combined with | caffeine |
| Psychosis is characterized by losing touch with reality AND can result in | illusions,delusions,AND hallucinations |
| An illusion is a | false interpretation of a sensory stimulus such as a "mirage" |
| A delusion is a | false belief as "I am Jesus Christ" |
| A hallucination is a | sensory perception that is not caused by an external stimulus such as "hearing voices." |
| Medications prescribed to treat psychoses are called | major tranquilizers OR antipsychotics OR neuroleptics |
| Bipolar Mental Disorder (BMD)causes radical | (extreme)mood swings from manic(restless highs)to depressive(listless lows) |
| what class is Abilify? | antipsychotics and treat Bipolar Mental Disorder(BMD) also classified as an antidepressant. |
| what class is Thorazine? | antipsychotics and treat Bipolar Mental Disorder(BMD) |
| what is the generic name of Thorazine? | chlorpromazine |
| what is the class of Seroquel? | antipsychotics and treat Bipolar Mental Disorder(BMD) |
| what class is Zyprexa? | antipsychotics and treat Bipolar Mental Disorder(BMD) |
| what class is Risperdal? | antipsychotics and treat Bipolar Mental Disorder(BMD) |
| In a large study at the University of Massachusetts,Risperdal,Zyprexa,Seroquel AND Abilify were shown to increase the risk of | Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus(DM)in children AND teens |
| what class is Haldol? | antipsychotic and treats Tourette's syndrome |
| what is the generic name of Haldol? | haloperidol |
| Tourette's syndrome is characterized by | Involuntary body movements(tics)AND vocal noises. |
| what class is Lithobid | Bipolar Mental Disorder(BMD) |
| what is the generic name of Lithobid? | lithium |
| Major Depressive Disorder(MDD)is characterized by: | 1.)persistent sadness 2.)feelings of helplessness,hopelessness,and worthlessness 3.)Lack of pleasure in any activity 4.)feelings of guilt 5.)Insomnia 6.)Anorexia 7.)Suicidal feelings |
| Major Depressive Disorder(MDD) is AKA | clinical depression |
| Medications to treat Major Depressive Disorder(MDD)are called | antidepressants |
| What class is Cymbalta? | antidepressant also classified as a treatment for osteoarthritis(OA) |
| what class is Effexor? | antidepressant |
| what class is Lexapro? | antidepressant |
| what class is Prozac? | antidepressant |
| what class is Paxil? | antidepressant |
| what class is Zoloft? | antidepressant |
| Lexapro,Paxil,Prozac,or Zoloft use during pregnancy increases the chances of birth defects such as: | ASD AKA Atrial Septal Defect VSD AKA Ventricular Septal Defect PPHN AKA Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Neonate SB AKA Spina Bifida |
| Zyban or Wellbutrin (bupropion)can cause serious neuropsychiatic symptoms such as: | changes in behavior,hostility,agitation,depressed mood,suicidal thoughts ans behavior,and attempted suicide. |
| what class is Pristiq? | antidepressant |
| The interaction of Pristiq with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS)can cause | bleeding tendencies |
| The interaction of Pristiq with antimigraine medication can cause | sudden death |
| Some antidepressants can cause suicidal tendencies in | children and teens |
| Depression has been linked to a deficiency of | omega 3 fatty acids found in fish |
| Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)is characterized by | inattention,impulsivity and excessive motor activity |
| what class is Catapres(clonidine)? | treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)also antihypertensive and non-nicotine smoking cessation drug |
| what class is Focalin? | treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD |
| what class is Adderall? | treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD |
| what class is Vyvanse? | treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD |
| what class is Ritalin? | treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD treat narcolepsy |
| what class is Concerta? | treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD treat narcolepsy |
| what class is Quillivant? | treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD treat narcolepsy |
| what is the generic name of Ritalin OR Concerta OR Quillivant? | methylphenidate |
| Narcolepsy is a | Chronic sleep disorder characterized by overwhelming daytime drowsiness AND sudden attacks of sleep |
| what class is Antabuse? | Treat alcoholism |
| Antabuse will not allow the alcohol to be absorbed AND mixing alcohol with Antabuse will cause | thoracodynia(chest pain)cephalalgia(headache)anxiety,vertigo,blurred vision,weakness,diaphoresis(profuse sweating)dyspnea(difficulty breathing)and Nausea+Vomiting (N+V) |
| what is the generic name of Dilantin? | phenytoin |
| what is the generic name of Luminal? | phenobarbital("phenobarb") |
| What is the generic name of Duodopa OR Parcopa OR Sinemet? | carbidopa + levodopa |
| what is the generic name of Restoril? | temazepam |
| what is the generic name of Benadryl? | diphenhydramine |
| what is the generic name of Xanax? | alprazolam |
| what is the generic name of Valium? | diazepam |
| what is the generic name of Librium? | chlordiazepoxide |
| what is the generic name of Ativan? | lorazepam |
| what is the generic name of Thorazine? | chlorpromazine |
| what is the generic name of Lithobid? | lithium |
| what is the generic name of Wellbutrin OR Zyban? | bupropion |
| Zyban OR Wellbutrin(bupropion)can cause serious neuropsychitric symptoms such as: | changes in behavior,hostility,agitation,depressed mood,suicidal thoughts AND behavior,and attempted suicide |
| The interaction of Pristiq with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS)can cause | bleeding tendencies |
| The interaction of Pristiq with antimigraine medication can cause | sudden death |
| Some antidepressants can cause suicidal tendencies in | children and teens |
| Depression has been linked to a deficiency of | omega 3 fatty acids found in fish |
| Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)is characterized by | inattention, impulsivity, and excessive motor activity |
| what class is Focolin? | treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) |
| what class is Catapres?(clonidine) | treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)also classified as an antihypertensive and non-nicotine smoking cessation drug |
| what class is Adderall? | treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) |
| what class is Vyvanse? | treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) |
| what class is Ritalin? | treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)treat narcolepsy |
| what class is Concerta? | treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)treat narcolepsy |
| what class is Quillivant? | treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)treat narcolepsy |
| what is the generic name of Ritalin? | methylphenidate |
| what is the generic name of Concerta? | methylphenidate |
| what is the generic name of Quillivant? | methylphenidate |
| Narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder characterized by | overwhelming daytime drowsiness and sudden attacks of sleep |
| what class is Antabuse? | treat alcoholism |
| Analgesic means | pertaining to no pain |
| Analgesics are classified as | narcotic analgesics and non-narcotic analgesics |
| Most narcotic analgesics can cause an addictive feeling of well being called | euphoria |
| Many analgesics work by raising the | pain threshold |
| Common side effects of narcotic analgesics include | Nausea + Vomitin(N + V) and constipation |
| what class is Dilaudid? | narcotic analgesics |
| what class is Demerol? | narcotic analgesics |
| what is the generic name of Demerol? | meperidine |
| what class is MS Contin? | narcotic analgesics |
| what class is Roxanol? | narcotic analgesics |
| what is the generic name of MS Contin OR Roxanol? | Morphine Sulfate{MSO4) (little 4 is sapposed to be at the bottom of the "o") |
| what class is nubain?(no pain) | narcotic analgesics |
| what class is OxyContin? | narcotic analgesics |
| what is the generic name of OxyContin? | oxycodone |
| what class is Duragesic? | narcotic analgesics |
| what is the generic name of Duragesic? | fentanyl |
| what class is codeine? | narcotic analgesics also antitussive(cough suppressant) |
| what class is Suboxone? | treat narcotic (opiate)addiction |
| Antiyretic refers to a | fever reducer |
| what class is Tylenol? | non-narcotic analgesic and antipyretic |
| Tylenol is AKA | acetaminophen(APAP) |
| what class is Acetadote? | acetaminophen(APAP)antagonist |
| bleeding problems can occur if acetaminophen(APAP)is combined with | Gingko biloba |
| Annually 56,000 Americans develop liver damage from | acetaminophen overdose |
| what class is aspirin?(ASA) | anticoagulant,non-narcotic analgesic,non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug(NSAID)and antipyretic |
| Trade names for aspirin(ASA)include: | 1.)St.Joseph 2.)Bayer 3.)Ecotrin(enteric coated) |
| Aspirin (ASA)should never be administered to children because of the risk of | Reye's syndrome |
| Use of aspirin(ASA)every day(qd)has been shown to reduce the risk of | colorectal,liver,esophageal,stomach,breast,skin,and lung malignancies |
| Use of aspirin(ASA)can exacerbate: | asthma,liver or kidney disease, gout,bleeding disorders(hemophilia),and Pepic Ulcer Disease(PUD) |
| Use of aspirin(ASA)is contraindicated with | anticoagulants |
| Buffers(alkalotics)are used to | reduce stomach upset |
| Buffered aspirin (ASA)medications include: | 1.)Alka-Seltzer 2.)Ascriptin 3.)Bufferin |
| Buffers include: | Al(aluminum) Mg(magnesium) Ca(calcium) NaHCO3(should be a small lower 3)(sodium bicarbonate) |
| Narcotic analgesic and non-narcotic analgesics are commonly combined to produce a | synergistic effect |
| what class is Percodan? | narcotic analgesic and non-narcotic analgesic |
| what is the generic name of Percodan? | oxycodone and aspirin(ASA) |
| what class is Tylox? | narcotic analgesic and non-narcotic analgesic |
| what class is Roxicet? | narcotic analgesic and non-narcotic analgesic |
| what class is Percocet? | narcotic analgesic and non-narcotic analgesic |
| what is the generic name of Tylox OR Roxicet OR Percocet? | Oxycodone and acetaminophen |
| Tylenol#3 AKA | codeine and acetaminophen(APAP) |
| what class is Tylenol#3? | narcotic analgesic and non-narcotic analgesic |
| what class is Vicodin? | narcotic analgesic and non-narcotic analgesic |
| what class is Lortab? | narcotic analgesic and non-narcotic analgesic |
| what is the generic name of Vicodin OR Lortab OR Lorcet? | acetaminophen(APAP)and hydrocodone |
| what class is Lorcet? | narcotic analgesic and non-narcotic analgesic |
| what class is Motrin OR Advil? | antipyretics,non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDS)and non-narcotic analgesics |
| what is the generic name of Motrin OR Advil? | ibuprofen |
| what class is ibuprofen? | antipyretics,non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDS)and non-narcotic analgesics |
| what class is Aleve OR Naprosyn? | antipyretics,non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDS)and non-narcotic analgesics |
| what is the generic name of Aleve OR Naprosyn? | naproxen |
| what class is Celebrex? | antipyretics,non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDS)and non-narcotic analgesics |
| what is the generic name of Celebrex? | celecoxib |
| Motrin OR advil(ibuprofen)and Celebrex(celecoxib)use after Myocardial Infarction(MI)can increase the risk of | cardiovascular pathology |
| Chronic (recurring)severe,usually temporal HeadAche(H/A)accompanied by Nausea + Vomiting(N + V)hyperacusis(sensitivity to sound)and photophobia(sensitivity to light)is called a | migraine |
| Migraines appear to be precipitated by | dilation of intracranial arteries |
| what class is Imitrex? | treat migraines |
| what class is Tenormin? | treat migraines,antianginal,antihypertensive |
| what is the generic name of Tenormin? | atenolol |
| what class is atenolol? | treat migraines,antianginal,antihypertensive |
| what class is Lopressor? | treat migraines,antianginal,antihypertensive |
| what is the generic name of Lopressor? | metoprolol |
| what class is metoprolol? | treat migraines,antianginal,antihypertensive |
| what class is Corgard? | treat migraines,antianginal,antihypertensive |
| what is the generic name of Corgard? | nadolol |
| what class is nadolol? | treat migraines,antianginal,antihypertensive |
| what class is Inderal? | treat migraines,antianginal,antihypertensive and antiarrhythmic |
| what is the generic name of Inderal? | propranolol |
| what class is propranolol? | treat migraines,antianginal,antihypertensive and antiarrhythmic |
| what class is Ergomar? | treat migraines |
| what is the generic name of Ergomar? | ergotamine |
| what class is Treximet? | treat migraines |
| what class is Botox? | treat migraines |
| Anesthesia means | a condition of no feeling OR nervous sensation |
| General anesthesia involves a | Loss Of Consciousness(LOC) |
| Local anesthesia involves a | small area of skin and adjacent tissue |
| Spinal anesthesia involves the | subarchnoid space |
| Regional anesthesia involves a | nerve block |
| Epidural anesthesia involves the | epidural space |
| what class is Xylocaine or Solarcaine? | Anesthetic |
| what is the generic name of Xylocaine and Solarcaine? | Lidocaine |
| what class is Marcaine? | Anesthetic |
| what class is Pontocaine(ophthalmic) | Anesthetic |
| what class is Novocain? | Anesthetic |
| what is the generic name of Novocain? | procaine |
| Induction of anesthesia refers to the initial anesthesia that causes | Loss Of Consciousness(LOC) |
| Other anesthesia is then given to place the patient in a | coma |
| what class is etomidate? | induction anesthetic |
| what class is Propofol? | induction anesthetic |
| A neuromuscular blocker causes | muscular paralysis |
| what class is Anectine | neuromuscular blocker |
| what is the generic name of Anectine? | succinylcholine("succs") |
| what class is atropine? | decrease airway secretions |
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