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hip and lower leg

hip/leg

QuestionAnswer
what is the action of the Sartorius flexes and laterally rotates hip, abducts hip, flexes the knee, and medially rotates the flexed knee
origin of Sartorius ASIS
insertion of Sartorius medial shaft of tibia (pes anserinus tendon)
nerve of Sartorius femoral L2,3,4
actions of piriformis lateral rotation of hip, abducts hip
origin of piriformis anterior surface of sacrum
insertion of piriformis superior aspect of greater trochanter
nerve to piriformis sacral plexus L5, S1, S2
action of quadratus femoris laterally rotates hip
origin of quadratus femoris lateral border of ischial tuberosity
insertion of quadratus femoris interchochanteric crest (between the greater and lesser trochanters)
nerve to quadratus femoris sacral plexus L4,5,S1,S2
action of Obturator Internus laterally rotates hip
origin of obturator internus obturator membrane and inferior surface of obturator foramen
insertion of obturator internus medial surface of greater trochanter
nerve to obturator internus Sacral plexus L5,S1, S2
action of obturator externus laterally rotates the hip
origin of obturator externus rami of pubis and ischium, obturator membrane
insertion of obturator externus trochanteric fossa of femur
nerve to obturator externus Obturator L3, L4
gemellus superior action laterally rotate hip
gemellus superior origin Ischial Spine
gemellus superior insertion medial surface of greater trochanter
gemellus superior nerve Sacral plexus L5,S1,S2
gemellus Inferior Action Laterally rotate the hip
gemellus Inferior origin Ischial tuberosity
gemellus Inferior Insertion Medial Surface of greater trochanter
gemellus Inferior nerve Sacral plexus L4,5,S1,S2
Psoas major action flexes hip, laterally rotates hip, and flexes the trunk toward the thigh, tilts pelvis anteriorly, assists to laterally flex the lumbar spine
Psoas major origin Bodies and transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae
Psoas major insertion Lesser trochanter
Psoas major nerve Lumbar plexus L1,2,3,4
Iliacus action flexes the hip, laterally rotates the hip, flexes the trunk toward the thigh, tilts pelvis anteriorly
Iliacus origin Iliac Fossa
Iliacus insertion Lesser trochanter
Iliacus nerve Femoral L1,2,3,4
Psoas minor action Assists to create lordotic curvature in spine, tilts pelvis anteriorly
Psoas minor origin Body and transverse process of first lumbar vertebrae
Psoas minor insertion Superior Ramus of Pubis
Psoas minor nerve Lumbar plexus L1,2
Tensor Fasciae Latae action Flexes hip, medially rotates hip, abduct the hip
Tensor Fasciae Latae origin Iliac crest, posterior to ASIS
Tensor Fasciae Latae Insertion Iliotibal tract
Tensor Fasciae Latae nerve Superior gluteal L4,5,S1
Gracilis action adduct the hip, medially rotates the hip,flexes the knee, medially rotates flexed knee
Gracilis origin Inferior ramus of pubis
Gracilis insertion proximal, medial shaft of tibia at pes anserinus tendon
Gracilis nerve Obturator L2,3,4
Pectineus action adducts hip, medially rotates hip, assists to flex hip
Pectineus origin superior ramus of pubis
Pectineus insertion Pectineal line of femur
Pectineus nerve Femoral and obturator nerve L2,3,4
Adductor Brevis actions Adducts hip, Medially rotates the hip, assists to flex the hip
Adductor Brevis origin Inferior ramus of pubis
Adducto Brevis insertion Pectineal line and medial lip of linea aspera
Adducto Brevis nerve Obturator L2,3,4
Adductor Longus action Adduct the hip, medially rotate the hip, assist to flex the hip
Adductor Longus Origin Pubic tubercle
Adductor Longus Insertion Medial lip of linea aspera
Adductor Longus nerve Obturator L2,3,4
Adductor Magnus action Adduct the hip, medially rotate the hip, assist to flex the hip, extend the hip
Adductor Magnus origin Inferior ramus of Pubis, ramus of ischium, and ischial tuberosity
Adductor Magnus insertion Medial lip of linea aspera and adductor tubercle
Adductor Magnus nerve Obturator L2,3,4 and Sciatic L4,5,S1
Gluteus Minimus action Abduct the hip, medially rotate the hip, flex the hip
Gluteus Minimus origin Gluteal surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines
Gluteus Minimus Insertion Anterior aspect of greater trochanter
Gluteus Minimus nerve Superior Gluteal L4,5,S1
Gluteus Medius action abduct the hip, flex the hip, medially rotate the hip, extend the hip, laterally rotates the hip
Gluteus Medius origin gluteal surface of ilium, between posterior and anterior gluteal lines, below iliac crest
Gluteus Medius insertion Lateral aspect of greater trochanter
Gluteus Medius nerve Superior Gluteal L4,5,S1
Gluteus Maximus action Extend hip, Laterally rotate hip, Abduct hip, adduct hip
Gluteus Maximus origin Coccyx, edge of sacrum, posterior iliac crest, sacrotuberous and sacroiliac ligaments
Gluteus Maximus insertion iliotibial tract and gluteal tuberosity
Gluteus Maximus nerve Inferior Gluteal L5,S1,2
Gracilis action adduct the hip, medially rotate the hip, flex the knee, medially rotate the flexed knee
Gracilis origin Inferior Ramus of pubis
Gracilis insertion Proximal, medially shaft of tibia at pes ansernius tendon
Gracilis nerve Obturator L2,3,4
Semimembranosus action Flex knee, medially rotate flexed knee, extend hip, assist to medially rotate hip, tilt pelvis posteriorly
Semimembranosus origin Ischial tuberosity
Semimembranosus insertion Posterior aspect of medial condyle of Tibia
Semimembranosus nerve Sciatic L4,5, S1,2
Semitendinosus action Flex knee, medially rotate flexed knee, extend hip, assist to medially rotate hip, tilt pelvis posteriorly
Semitendinosus origin Ischial tuberosity
Semitendinosus insertion Proximal, medial shaft of Tibia at pes anserinus tendon
Semitendinosus nerve Sciatic L4,5,S1,2
Biceps Femoris action Flex the knee, laterally rotate flexed knee, extend hip, assist to laterally rotate hip
Biceps Femoris origin Long head: Ischial Tuberosity Short Head: Lateral lip of linea aspera
Biceps Femoris insertion Head of Fibula
Biceps Femoris nerve Long head: Sciatic, tibial branch- L5,S1,2,3 Short Head: Sciatic, peroneal- L5,S1,2
Vastus Intermedius action extend the knee
Vastus Intermedius origin Anterior and lateral shaft of femur
Vastus Intermedius insertion tibial tuberosity
Vastus Intermedius nerve Femoral L2,3,4
Vastus Lateralis action extend the knee
Vastus Lateralis origin Lateral lip of linea aspera, gluteal tuberosity, and greater trochanter
Vastus Lateralis insertion Tibial Tuberosity
Vastus Lateralis nerve Femoral L2,3,4
Vastus Medialis action extend the knee
Vastus Medialis origin Medial lip of linea aspera
Vastus Medialis insertion Tibial tuberosity
Vastus Medialis nerve Femoral L2,3,4
Rectus Femoris action Flex hip, and extend the knee
Rectus Femoris origin AIIS - Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine
Rectus Femoris insertion Tibial Tuberosity
Rectus Femoris nerve Femoral L2,3,4
Gastrocnemius origin Posterior Femoral condyles
Gastrocnemius insertion Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
Gastrocnemius action plantar flexion and knee flexion
Gastrocnemius nerve Tibial
Soleus origin Soleal line, posterior surface of Tibia and Fibula
Soleus insertion Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
Soleus action plantar flexion
Soleus nerve Tibial
Plantaris origin Lateral femoral condyle
Plantaris insertion Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
Plantaris action Plantar flexion and knee flexion
Plantaris nerve Tibial
Talocrural joint is the ankle joint
"Achilles tendon" is the Calcaneal tendon
Popliteus origin Lateral femoral epicondyle
Popliteus insertion Proximal, posterior tibia
Popliteus action knee extension and Internal rotation
Popliteus nerve Tibial
fast twitch muscle fibers are in the Gastrocnemius
slow twitch muscle fibers are in the Soleus
Peroneus Longus origin Head of fibula and proximal lateral fibula
Peroneus Longus insertion Base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform
Peroneus action eversion of the foot
Peroneus nerve Superficial peroneal
Peroneus Brevis Origin Distal lateral fibula
Peroneus Brevis Insertion Tuberosity of 5th metatarsal
Peroneus Brevis Action Eversion of the foot
Peroneus Brevis Nerve Superficial Peroneal
ACL stops excessive Anterior Tibial translation movement
PCL stops excessive Posterior Translation movement
Meniscus helps joints by Lubricating, padding, and providing stability
MCL stops Vlagus (Valgum) stress on knee
LCL stops Varus Orvarum stress on knee
Genu recurvatrum is hyperextension of the knee
Normal coxa angle norms is 125 degrees
Genu Valgum is known as Knock Knee
Genu Varum is known as Bowl legged
Normal Q angle is men - 14 degrees and women - 17 degrees
Normal torsion angle in knee is 15 degrees
concave on convex movement is (tibiofemoral joint) moving in the same direction
Convex on concave movement moving in opposite direction
Screw home mechanism of knee key element in knee stabilization, it is the rotation between the tibia and the femur. It occurs at the end of knee extension, between full extension 0 degrees and 20 degrees of knee flexion.
Created by: nichta
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