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Chapter 8-10 Vocab

TermDefinition
solute substance when dissolved in a substance
solvent substance in which a substance dissolves
dissociation ionic compound separates into ions as it dissolves
dispersion sugar dissolves in water by dispersion
ionization process in which neutral molecules gain or lose electrons
acid compound that produces hydronium ions
indicator substance that changes color in the process of an acid or a base
base compound producing hydroxide ions
neutralization reactions between an adid and a base
salt negative ions in an acid confuse with positive ions in a base
pH measure of hydroniumion concentration
buffer solution resistant to large changes of pH
electrolyte substance that ionizes or dissociates into ions when dissolved into water
radioactivity process in which a unstable atomic nucleus emits charged particles
nuclear radiation charged particless and energy are emitted from the nuclei of radioisotopes
alpha particles positively charged particle made up of two protons
beta particle particle emitted by an unstable nucleus
gamma ray penetrating ray of energy by an unstable nucleus
background radiation radiation that occurs in nature
half life the time required for one half or a sample of a radioisotope to decay
strong an nuclear force the attractive force that binds protons and neutrons together
fission the splitting of an atomic nucleus into smaller parts
chain reaction neutrons released during the splitting of an inital nucleus trigger a series of nuclear fissions
critical mass the smallest possible mass of a fissionable material that can sustain a chain reaction
fusion a process in which the nuclei of two atoms combine to form a larger nucleus
plasma a state of matter in which atoms have been stripped of their electrons
Created by: michael.doyle
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