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Chapter 8-10 Vocab

Chapter 8 through 10 vocab

TermDefinition
Solute Substance whose particles are dissolved in a substance.
Solvent Substance in which a substance dissolves
Dissociation ionic compound separates into ions as it dissolves
Dispersion Sugar dissolves in water by dispersion
Ionization Process in which neutral molecules gain or lose electrons
Acid Compound that produces hydronium ions
Indicator Substance that changes color in the presence of an acid or base.
Base Compound producing hydroxide ions
Neutralization Reactions between an acid and a base
Salt Negative ions in acid combine with positive ions in a base
pH Measure of hydronium ion concentration
Buffer solution resistant to large changes of pH
Electrolyte Substance that ionizes or dissociates into ions when dissolved into water
Radioactivity Process in which an unstable atomic nucleus emits charged particles
Radioisotope Atom contain an unstoppable nucleus is called radioactive isotope.
Nuclear radiation Charged particles and energy that are emitted from the nucli of radioisotopes
Alpha Particles Positively charged particle made up of two protons
Beta Particle Particle emitted by an unstable nucleus
Gamma Ray Penetrating ray of energy by and unstable nucleus
Background Radiation Radiation that occurs in nature
Strong nuclear force Attractive force that binds protons and neutrons together in the nucleus.
fission A nuclear reaction in which the atomic nucleus is split into two smaller parts
chain reaction Neutrons released during the splitting of an initial nucleus trigger a series of nuclear fissions
critical mass Smallest possible mass of a fissionable material that can sustain chain reaction.
fusion Process of when a nuclei of two atoms combine to form a larger nucleus
plamsa State of matter where atoms have been stripped of electrons
Created by: zachary.wilson
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