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Chapter 8 and 10 Voc
Vocabulary for chapters 8 and 10
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Solute | Substance whose particles are dissolved in a solution |
| solvent | substance in which the solute dissolves |
| Dissociation | Which an ionic compound separates into ions as it dissolves |
| Dispersion | Breaking into small particles spread throughout the water |
| Ionization | The process in which neutral molecules gain or lose electrons. |
| Acid | A compound that produces hydronium ions when dissolved in water |
| Indicator | Any substance that changes color in the presence of an acid or base |
| Neutralization | reaction between an acid and a base |
| salt | negative ions in an acid produce an ionic compound, this is the coumpound |
| pH | measure of its hydronium ion concentration |
| electrolyte | A substance that ionizes or dissociates into ions when it dissolves in water |
| Buffer | a solution that is resistant to large changes in pH |
| Radioactivity | The process in which an unstable atomic nucleus emits charged particles |
| Radioisotope | Any atom containing an unstable nucleus is called a radioactive isotope |
| Nuclear Radiation | Charged particles and energy that are emitted from the nuclei of radioisotopes |
| Alpha Particle | A positively charged particle made up of two protons and two neutrons. |
| Beta Particle | An electron emitted by an unstable nucleus |
| Gamma Ray | A penetrating ray of energy emitted by an unstable nucleus |
| Background Radiation | Nuclear radiation that occurs naturally in the environment |
| Strong Nuclear Force | The attractive force that binds protons of the nucleus |
| Fission | A nuclear reaction in which an atomic nucleus is slip into two smaller parts |
| Chain Reaction | Neutrons released during the splitting of an initial nucleus trigger a series of nuclear fissions |
| Critical Mass | The smallest possible mass of a fissionable material that can sustain a chain reaction |
| Fusion | A process in which the nuclei of two atoms combine to form a larger nucleus |
| Plasma | A state of matter in which atoms have been stripped of their electrons |
| Base | Compound that produces hydroxide ions when dissolved in water |
Created by:
nathan.cornelius
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