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Chapter 8 and 10 Voc
Vocabulary for chapters 8 and 10
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Solute | Substance whose particles are dissolved in a solution |
solvent | substance in which the solute dissolves |
Dissociation | Which an ionic compound separates into ions as it dissolves |
Dispersion | Breaking into small particles spread throughout the water |
Ionization | The process in which neutral molecules gain or lose electrons. |
Acid | A compound that produces hydronium ions when dissolved in water |
Indicator | Any substance that changes color in the presence of an acid or base |
Neutralization | reaction between an acid and a base |
salt | negative ions in an acid produce an ionic compound, this is the coumpound |
pH | measure of its hydronium ion concentration |
electrolyte | A substance that ionizes or dissociates into ions when it dissolves in water |
Buffer | a solution that is resistant to large changes in pH |
Radioactivity | The process in which an unstable atomic nucleus emits charged particles |
Radioisotope | Any atom containing an unstable nucleus is called a radioactive isotope |
Nuclear Radiation | Charged particles and energy that are emitted from the nuclei of radioisotopes |
Alpha Particle | A positively charged particle made up of two protons and two neutrons. |
Beta Particle | An electron emitted by an unstable nucleus |
Gamma Ray | A penetrating ray of energy emitted by an unstable nucleus |
Background Radiation | Nuclear radiation that occurs naturally in the environment |
Strong Nuclear Force | The attractive force that binds protons of the nucleus |
Fission | A nuclear reaction in which an atomic nucleus is slip into two smaller parts |
Chain Reaction | Neutrons released during the splitting of an initial nucleus trigger a series of nuclear fissions |
Critical Mass | The smallest possible mass of a fissionable material that can sustain a chain reaction |
Fusion | A process in which the nuclei of two atoms combine to form a larger nucleus |
Plasma | A state of matter in which atoms have been stripped of their electrons |
Base | Compound that produces hydroxide ions when dissolved in water |