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Max Long
Chapter 8 Vocab.
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Solute | A substance whose particles are dissolved in a solution. |
Solvent | The substance in which the solute dissolves. |
Dissociation | The process in which an ionic compound separates into ions and it dissolves. |
Dispersion | Breaking into small pieces that spread throughout the water. |
Ionization | The process in which neutral molecules gain or lose electrons. |
Acid | A compound that produces hydronium ions when dissolved in water. |
Indicator | Any substance that changes color in the presence of an acid or base. |
Base | A compound that produces hydroxide ions when dissolved in water. |
Neutralization | The reaction between an acid and a base. |
Salt | The ionic compound produced when the negative ions in an acid combine with the positive ions in a base. |
pH | A measure of the hydronium ion concentrate in a solution. |
Buffer | A solution that is resistant to large changes in pH. |
Electrolyte | A substance that ionizes or dissociates into ions when it dissolves in water. |
Radioactivity | The process in which an unstable atomic nucleus emits charged particles and energy. |
Radioisotope | Any atom containing an unstable nucleus. |
Nuclear Radiation | Charged particles and energy that are emitted from the nuclei.of radioisotopes. |
Alpha Particle | A positively charged particle made up of two protons and two neutrons. |
Beta Particle | An electron emitted by an unstable nucleus. |
Gamma Ray | A penetrating ray of energy emitted by an unstable nucleus. |
Background Radiation | Nuclear radiation that occurs naturally in the environment. |
Strong Nuclear Force | The attractive force that binds protons and neutrons together in the nucleus. |
Fission | The splitting of an atomic nucleus into two smaller parts. |
Chain Reaction | Neutrons released during the splitting of an initial nucleus trigger a series of nuclear fissions |
Critical Mass | The smallest possible mass of a fissionable material that can contain a chain reaction. |
Fusion | A process in which the nuclei of two atoms combine to form a larger nucleus. |
Plasma | A state of matter in which atoms have been stripped from their electrons. |