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Kenidee Zentiska Pd1
Ch 8&10
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| solute | a substance whose particles are dissolved in a solution |
| solvent | a substance in which a solute dissolves |
| dissociation | The process in which an ionic compound separates into ions as it dissolves |
| dispersion | breaking into smaller pieces that spread throughout the water |
| ionization | the process in which neutral molecules gain or lose electrons |
| acid | a compound that produces hydronium ions when dissolved in water |
| indicator | any substance that changes color in the presence of a base or acid |
| base | a compound that produces hydroxic |
| neutralization | The reaction between an acid and a base |
| salt | an ionic compound formed when acid reacts with a base |
| pH | a measure of its hydronium ion concentration |
| buffer | a solution that is resistant to large changes in pH |
| electrolyte | a substance that ionizes or dissolves in water |
| radioactivity | the process in which an unstable atomic nucleus emits charged particles and energy |
| radioisotope | any atom containing an unstable nucleus |
| nuclear radiation | charged particles and energy that are emitted from the nuclei of radioisotopes |
| alpha particle | a positively charged particle, emitted by certain radioactive nuclei, made up of two protons and two neutrons , a helium nucleus |
| beta particle | an electron emitted by an unstable nucleus |
| gamma ray | a penetrating ray of energy emitted by an unstable nucleus |
| background radiation | nuclear radiation that occurs naturally in the environment |
| strong nuclear force | the powerful attractive force that binds protons and neutrons together in the nucleus |
| fission | the splitting of an atomic nucleus into two smaller parts |
| chain reaction | neutrons released during the splitting of an initial nucleus trigger a series of nuclear fission |
| critical mass | the smallest possible mass of a fissionable material that can sustain a chain reaction |
| fusion | a process in which the nuclei of two atoms combine to form a larger nucleus |
| plasma | a state of matter in which atoms have been stripped of their electrons |
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