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Kenidee Zentiska Pd1
Ch 8&10
Question | Answer |
---|---|
solute | a substance whose particles are dissolved in a solution |
solvent | a substance in which a solute dissolves |
dissociation | The process in which an ionic compound separates into ions as it dissolves |
dispersion | breaking into smaller pieces that spread throughout the water |
ionization | the process in which neutral molecules gain or lose electrons |
acid | a compound that produces hydronium ions when dissolved in water |
indicator | any substance that changes color in the presence of a base or acid |
base | a compound that produces hydroxic |
neutralization | The reaction between an acid and a base |
salt | an ionic compound formed when acid reacts with a base |
pH | a measure of its hydronium ion concentration |
buffer | a solution that is resistant to large changes in pH |
electrolyte | a substance that ionizes or dissolves in water |
radioactivity | the process in which an unstable atomic nucleus emits charged particles and energy |
radioisotope | any atom containing an unstable nucleus |
nuclear radiation | charged particles and energy that are emitted from the nuclei of radioisotopes |
alpha particle | a positively charged particle, emitted by certain radioactive nuclei, made up of two protons and two neutrons , a helium nucleus |
beta particle | an electron emitted by an unstable nucleus |
gamma ray | a penetrating ray of energy emitted by an unstable nucleus |
background radiation | nuclear radiation that occurs naturally in the environment |
strong nuclear force | the powerful attractive force that binds protons and neutrons together in the nucleus |
fission | the splitting of an atomic nucleus into two smaller parts |
chain reaction | neutrons released during the splitting of an initial nucleus trigger a series of nuclear fission |
critical mass | the smallest possible mass of a fissionable material that can sustain a chain reaction |
fusion | a process in which the nuclei of two atoms combine to form a larger nucleus |
plasma | a state of matter in which atoms have been stripped of their electrons |