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Chp. 8 and 10 vocab

Mikayla Milford

TermDefinition
solute is a substance whose particles are dissolved in a solution
solvent when the solute dissolves
dissociation a process in which an ionic compound separates into ions as it dissolves
dispersion when water dissolves
ionization when neutral molecules gain or lose electrons
indicator is any substance that changes color in the presence of an acid or base
base is a compound that produces hydroxide ions when dissolved in water
neutralization the reaction between an acid and a base
acid is a compound that produces hydronium ions when dissolved in water
salt the negative ions in an acid combine with the positive ions in a base to produce an ionic bond
pH is a measure of its hydronium ion concentration
buffer is a solution that is resistant to large changes in pH
electrolyte is a substance that ionizes or dissociates into ions when it dissolves in water
radioactivity is the process in which an unstable atomic nucleus emits charged particles ans energy
radioisotope any atom containing an unstable nucleus
nuclear radiation is charged particles and energy that are emitted from the nuclei of radiotopes
alpha particle is a positively charged particle made up of two protons and two neutrons
beta particle is an electron emitted by an unstable nucleus
gamma ray is a penetrating ray of energy emitted by and unstable nucleus
background radiation or nuclear radiation that occurs naturally in the environment
strong nuclear force is the attraction force tat binds protons and neutrons together in the nucleus
fission is the splitting of an atomic nucleus into smaller parts
chain reaction neutrons released during the splitting of an initial nucleus trigger a series of nuclear fissions
critical mass is the smallest possible mass of a fissionable material that can sustain a chain reaction
Fusion is a process in which the nuclei of two atoms combine to form a larger nucleus
Plasma is the state of matter in which an atom has been stripped of its electrons
Created by: mikayla.milford
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