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Chapter 8 and 10 voc

TermDefinition
solute a substance that dissolves in a solution
solvent the solution that the solute dissolves in
dissociation the process in which an ionic compound separates into ions as it dissolves is called dissociation
dispersion breaking in to smaller pieces
ionization neutral molecules gain or lose electrons.
acid have certain chemical and physical properties that are similar.
indicator is any substance that changes color in the presence of and acid of base.
base is a compound that produces hydroxide ions.
neutralization the reaction between a acid and a base.
salt the product of neutralization.
pH of a solution is a measure of its hydronium ion concentration.
buffer a buffer is a solution that is resistant to large changes in pH
electrolyte a substance that ionizes into ions when it dissolves in water.
radioactivity is the process in which an unstable atomic nucleus emits charged particles.
radioisotope Any atom containing an unstable nucleus is called a radioactive isotope.
nuclear radiation is charged particles and energy that is emitted from the nuclei of radioisotopes.
alpha particle a positively charged particle made up of two protons and two neutrons.
beta particle an electron emitted by an unstable nucleus.
gamma ray a penetrating ray of energy emitted by an unstable nucleus.
background radiation nuclear radiation that happens naturally.
strong nuclear force the attractive force that binds protons and electrons together in a nucleus.
fission the splitting of an atomic nucleus into two smaller parts.
chain reaction neutrons released during the splitting of an initial nucleus trigger a series of nuclear fissions.
critical mass the smallest possible mass of a fissionable material that can sustain a chain reaction
fusion is a process in which the nuclei of two atoms combine to form a larger nucleus.
plasma is a state of matter in which atoms have been stripped of their electrons
Created by: sylasmurray
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