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chapter 8 and 10
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| solute | a substance whose particles are dissolved in a solution |
| solvent | a substance in which a solute dissolves |
| dissociation | the separation of ions in an ionic compound as the compound dissolves |
| dispersion | the process of dissolving by breaking into smaller pieces |
| ionization | the process by which neutral molecules gain or lose electrons |
| acid | a compound that produces hydronium ions when dissolved in water |
| indicator | a substance that changes color in the presence of an acid or a base |
| base | a compound that produces hydroxide ions when dissolved in water |
| neutralization | a chemical reaction between a acid and a base |
| salt | an ionic compound formed when a acid reacts with a base |
| pH | a measure of hydronium ion concentration of a solution |
| buffer | a solution that is a resistant to large changes in pH |
| electrolyte | a compound that produces ions when dissolved |
| radioactivity | the process in which an unstable atomic nucleus emits charged particles and energy |
| radioisotope | an isotope with an unstable nucleus |
| nuclear radiation | charged particles and electromagnetic waves that are emitted from the nuclei of radioisotope |
| alpha particle | a positively charged particle, emitted by certain radioactive nuclei made up of two protons and two neutrons; a helium nucleus |
| beta particle | a electron emitted by an unstable nucleus |
| gamma ray | a penetrating form of radiation emitted by a unstable nucleus |
| background radiation | nuclear radiation that occurs naturally in the environment |
| strong nuclear force | the powerful attractive force that blinds protons and neutrons together in the nucleus |
| fission | a nuclear reaction in which an atomic nucleus is split into 2 smaller parts |
| chain reaction | a series of fission reactions triggered by neutrons released during the fission of a nucleus |
| critical mass | the smallest possible mass of a fissionable material that can sustain a chain reaction |
| fusion | a nuclear reaction in which the nuclei of two atoms combine to form a larger nucleus |
Created by:
anthony.goodale
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