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Chapter 8 & 10 vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Solute | A substance whose particles are dissolved in a solution |
| Solvent | The substance in which solute dissolves in |
| Dissociation | A processes in which an ionic compound separates into ions in the solute |
| Dispersion | Breaking into small pieces that spread throughout water |
| Ionization | The process in which neutral molecules gain or lose electrons |
| Acid | A compound that produces hydronium ions when dissolved in water |
| Indicator | Any substance that changes color in the presence of an acid or base |
| Base | A compound that produces hydroxide ions when dissolved in water |
| Neutralization | The reaction between an acid and a base |
| Salt | During neutralization, the negative ions in an acid combine with the positive ions in a base to produce this ionic compound |
| pH | The measure of a solutions hydronium ion concentration |
| Buffer | A solution that is resistant to large changes in pH |
| Electrolyte | A substance that ionizes or dissociates into ions when it dissolves in water |
| Radioactivity | The process in which an unstable atomic nucleus emits charged particles and energy |
| Radioisotope | Any atom containing an unstable nucleus |
| Nuclear Radiation | Charged particles and energy that are emitted from the nuclei of radioisotopes |
| Alpha Particle | A positively charged particle made up of two protons and two neutrons |
| Beta Particle | An electron emitted bu an unstable nucleus |
| Gamma Ray | A penetrating ray of energy emitted bu an unstable nucleus |
| Background Radiation | Nuclear radiation that occurs naturally in the environment |
| Strong Nuclear Force | The attractive force that binds protons and neutrons together in the nucleus |
| Fission | The splitting of an atomic nucleus into two smaller parts |
| Chain Reaction | Neutrons released during the splitting of an initial nucleus trigger a series of nuclear fissions |
| Critical Mass | The smallest possible mass fissionable material that can sustain a chain reaction |
| Fusion | A process in which the nuclei of two atoms combine to form a larger neuclus |
| Plasma | A state of matter in which atoms have been striped of their electrons |
Created by:
Erin.Rang
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