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Olivia Adams

8.3 8.4 10.1 10.4 Vocabulary

TermDefinition
Acid A compound that produces hydronium ions when dissolved in water.
Indicator Any substance that changes color in the presence of an acid or base.
Base A compound that produces hydroxide ions when dissolved in water.
Neutralization The reaction between an acid and a base.
Salt An ionic compound formed during neutralization where the negative ions combine with positive ions in an acid.
pH A measure of its hydronium ion concentration.
Buffer A solution that is resistant to large changes in pH.
Electrolyte A substance that ionizes or dissociates into ions when it dissolves in water.
Radioacitivty The process in which an unstable atomic nucleus emits charged particles and energy.
Radioisotope Any atom containing an unstable nucleus.
Nuclear Radiation Charged particles and energy that are emitted from the nuclei of radioisotopes.
Alpha Particle A positively charged particle made up of two protons and two electron- the same as a helium nucleus.
Beta Particle An electron emitted by an unstable nucleus.
Gamma Ray A penetrating ray of energy emitted by an unstable nucleus.
Background Radiation Nuclear radiation that occurs naturally in the environment.
Solute A substance whose particles are dissolved in a solution.
Solvent The substance in which the solute dissolves.
Dissociation The process in which an ionic compound separates into ions as it dissolves.
Dispersion Breaking into small pieces that spread throughout water.
Ionization The process in which neutral molecules gain or lose electrons.
Strong Nuclear Force The attractive force that binds protons and neutrons together in the nucleus.
Fission The splitting of an atomic nucleus into two smaller parts.
Chain Reaction A series of fission reactions triggered by neutrons released during the fission of a nucleus.
Critical Mass The smallest possible mass of a fissionable material that can sustain a chain reaction.
Fusion The process in which the nuclei of two atoms combine to form a larger nucleus.
Plasma The state of matter in which atoms have been stripped of their electrons.
Created by: olivia.adams
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