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Tonicity &Osmolarity

Pharm Quiz 4, Tonicity and Osmolarity

TermDefinition
Hypovolemia Loss of both Na+ & water- ↓ in volume of extracellular fluid (causes diarrhea & vomiting
Hypervolemia Causes: CHF, hypoalbuminemia, ↑ Na+ intake & primary Na+ renal retention
Osmolality Concentration of chemicals found in body fluid
Iso-osmolar Same proportions, in and out of internal cavity
Hypo-osmolar Hypervolemia, (<280 mOsm/kg)
Hyper-osmolar Hypovolemia, (>295 mOsm/kg)
Tonicity Effect of fluid on cellular volume (used primarily as measurement of IV fluid concentration - Range= 240-340 mOsm/L
Hypotonic Less than 240 mOsm/L
Hypertonic More than 340 mOsm/L
Isotonic Fluid balance occuring between 240-340 mOsm/L
Hypovolemia S/S: Marked thirst, dry mucous membranes, poor skin turgor, ↓ urine output, tachycardia & slight ↓ in systolic B/P
Hypervolemia S/S: Constant, irritated cough, dyspnea, neck vein engorgement, hand vein engorgement & moist rales in lungs
Created by: tjallen011
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