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RandalynnSharp

Chapter 8/10 Vocabulary

TermDefinition
acid A compound that produces hydronium ions when dissolved in water.
Indicatior Any substance that changes color in the presence of an acid or base.
Base A compound that produces hydroxide ions when dissolved in water.
Neutralization The reaction between an acid and a base.
Salt n ionic compound formed when an acid reacts with a base.
pH Is a measure of its hydronium ion concentrate.
Buffer Is a solution that is resistant to large changes in pH.
Electrolyte A substance that ionizes or dissociates into ions when it is dissolved in water.
Radioactivity The process in which an unstable atomic nucleus emits charged particles and energy.
Radioisotope Any atom containing an unstable nucleus.
Nuclear radiation Charged particles and energy that are emitted from the nuclei or radioisotopes.
Alpha particle A positively charged particle made up of two protons and two neutrons.
Beta particle An electron emitted by an unstable nucleus.
Gamma ray A penetrating ray of energy emitted by an unstable nucleus.
Background radiation Nuclear radiation that occurs naturally in the environment.
Strong nuclear force The attractive force that binds protons and neutrons together in the nucleus.
Fission The splitting of an atomic nucleus into two smaller parts.
Chain reaction Neutrons released during the splitting of an initial nucleus trigger a series of nuclear fusion.
Critical mass The smallest possible mass of a fissionable material that can sustain a chain reaction.
Fusion A process in which the nuclei of two atoms combine to forma larger nucleus.
Plasma A state of matter in which atoms have been stripped of their electrons.
Solute A substance whose particles are dissolved in a solution.
Solvent The substance in which solute dissolves in.
Dissociation The process in which an ionic compound seperates into ions as it dissolves.
Dispersion Breaking into small pieces that spread throughout the water.
Ionization The process in which neutral molecules gain or lose electrons.
Created by: randalynn.sharp
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