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Kala Stevenson
Chapter 8-10 vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| acid | A compound that produces hydronium ions when dissolved in water. |
| indicator | Any substance that changes color in the presence of an acid or base. |
| base | A compound that produces hydroxide ions when dissolved in water. |
| neutralization | The reaction between an acid and a base. |
| salt | During neutralization, the negative ions in an acid combine with the positive ions in a base to produce an ionic compound. |
| pH | A measure of its hydronium ion concentration. |
| buffer | A solution that is resistant to large changes in pH. |
| electrolyte | A substance that ionizes or dissociates into ions when it dissolves in water. |
| radioactivity | The process in which an unstable atomic nucleus emits charged particles and energy. |
| radioisotope | Any atom containing an unstable nucleus. |
| nuclear radiation | Charged particles and energy that are emitted from the nbuclei of radioisotopes. |
| alpha particle | A positively charged particle made up of two protons and two neutrons- the same as a helium nucleus. |
| beta particle | an electron emmited by and unstable nucleus. |
| gamma ray | A pentrating ray of energy emitted by an unstable nucleus. |
| background radiation | Nuclear radiation that occurs naturally in the enviroment. |
| strong nuclear force | The attractive force that binds protons and neutrons together in the nucleus. |
| fission | The splitting of an atomic nucleus into two smaller parts. |
| chain reaction | Neutrons released during the splitting of an initial nucleus trigger a series of nuclear fissions. |
| critical mass | The smallest possible mass of a fissionable material that can sustain a chain reaction. |
| fusion | A process in which the nuclei of two atoms combine to form a lager nucleus. |
| plasma | Is a state of matter in which atoms have been stripped of their electrons. |
| solute | A substance whose particles are dissolved in a solution. |
| solvent | The substance in which the solute dissolves. |
| dissociation | The process in which an ionic compound separates into ions as it dissolves. |
| dispersion | Breaking into small pieces that spread throughout the water. |
| ionization | The process in which neutral molecules gain or lose electrons. |
Created by:
kala.stevenson
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