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anti-epileptics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| drugs work on ____ channels, NOT ____ channels | inactivated, closed |
| drugs that work on sodium channels | carbamazepine, lamotrigine, phenytoin, VPA |
| drugs that work on GABA-A receptors | clonazepam, diazepam, lorazepam, phenobarbitol |
| do not use ___ for absence seizures, instead use ____ | NO: benzos YES: ethosuximide and VPA |
| used 2nd line for partial and generalized tonic-clonic | phenobarbital |
| phenobarbital MOA | increases duration of opening for GABA-A receptor |
| phenobarbital SE | sedation, toxicity, tolerance, CYP450 inducer |
| first line for febrile seizures in children | phenobarbital |
| used for partial/general tonic-clonic and status epilepticus | phenytoin |
| MOA phenytoin | voltage-gated Na channels |
| phenytoin SE | diplopia, ataxia, rashes, hisutism, gingival hyperplasia |
| which drug has nonlinear kinetics that may result in rapid increases in serum concentration in response to small doses | phenytoin |
| first line for partial and general tonic clonic | carbamazepine |
| MOA carbamazepine | voltage gated Na channels |
| SE carbamazepine | diplopia, ataxia |
| used for trigeminal neuralgia | carbamazepine |
| which drug may induce aplastic anemia and agranulocytosis | carbmazepine |
| DOC for myoclonic...also used for absence, partial and general | VPA |
| MOA for VPA | voltage gated Na channels, T-type ca channels (at higher concentrations) |
| SE for VPA | hepatotox, developmental abnormalities for pregnant women |
| monitoring for VPA | LFTs and pregnancy |
| used for refractory partial seizures | lamotrigine |
| lamotrigine MOA | voltage-gated Na channels |
| SE for lamotrigine | SJS |
| benzo used for absence and myoclonic seizures in children | clonazepam |
| clonazepam MOA | increases frequency of opening for GABA-A receptors |
| SE of clonazepam | low toxicity, drowsiness, fast tolerance |
| benzos used IV for status epilepticus | diazepam, lorazepam |
| MOA for diazepam, lorazepam | GABA-A |
| SE for diazepam, lorazepam | sedation and tolerance |
| used for partial and secondarily generalized seizures | vigabatrin |
| vigabatrin MOA | irreversible inhibition of GABA transaminase, and blocks GABA transporter |
| which drug is used for West syndrome, a rare infant epilepsy | vigabatrin |
| SE for vigabatrin | visual field defects and psych problems |
| DOC for uncomplicated absence | ethosuximide |
| MOA for ethosuximide | T-type Ca channels |
| what is the safest drug to use in absence? | ethosuximide |
| monotherapy for partial/primary generalized seizures | topiramate |
| adjunct therapy fro refractory lennox-gastaut | topiramate |
| MOA for topiramate | voltage gated Na channels and glutamate receptor antagonist |
| SE topiramate | kidney stones, cognitive defects, poor vision |
| adjunct for refractory adult partial seizures | kepra |
| MOA for kepra | SV2A protein in synaptic vesicle (binds to BOTOX) |
| used for refractory partial seizures | neurontin |
| well tolerated drug usually used for neuropathic pain | neurontin |
| do not use neurontin if patient is ___ | bipolar |
Created by:
duanea00
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