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Population Change

TermDefinition
Population structure the breakdown of a country's population into groups defined by age and sex.
Death rate (DR) the number of deaths per thousand population per year, expressed as deaths per thousand.
Birth rate (BR) the number of live births per thousand population per year, expressed as births per thousand.
Infant mortality a measure of the number of infants dying under one year of age, usually expressed as the number of deaths per thousand live births per year.
Natural increase/decrease the difference between the number of births and deaths for every hundred people per year expressed as a percentage.
HIV human immunodeficiency virus, which attacks the immune system of people who are infected.
Aids acquired immune deficiency syndrome; a group of infections, including pneumonia, TB and skin cancers, that strike people whose immune system has been damaged by the HIV virus.
Dependency ratio shows how many young people (under 16) and older people (over 64) depend on people of working age (16 to 24).
Life expectancy the average age to which the population lives. It is expressed in terms of years. Male and female life expectancy figures are often given separately.
Optimum population the population at which the quality of life of the people of a country or a region is the highest possible, at a given level of technological development.
Overpopulation when any increase in population reduces the average quality of life of the population.
Under population when an increase in population could increase the average quality of life.
Genocide the deliberate and systematic destruction or killing of an entire people who belong to one racial, political, cultural or religious group.
Famine a time when there is so little food that many people starve.
Starvation a state of extreme hunger resulting from lack of essential nutrients over a prolonged period.
Green belt an area defined by Act of Parliament which surrounds a conurbation. It is very difficult to obtain permission for development on green belt. This act stops the sprawl of conurbations.
Conurbation one large, more or less continuous area created as a city grows and spreads to absorb other cities, towns and villages in the surrounding area.
Infilling the use of open spaces within a conurbation to build new housing or services, often close to where a green belt restricts outward growth.
Brownfield sites sites that have been built on before but that have come available for new building because of demolition or redundancy of the old buildings.
Social welfare the well-being of communities. It refers to the access that groups of people, or individuals, have to job opportunities, housing, health care, education, an unpolluted environment, a safe environment and freedom to practise one's culture, religion, etc.
Created by: apeploe
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