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Skelatal System
Skelatal System Notes.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the two divisions of the skelatal system? | Axial & Appendicular |
| Axial consists of what bones? | Skull, rubcage, spinal colum. |
| Appendicular consists of what bones? | Arms, hands, legs, feet, shoulders, pelvis. |
| Bones are ___% water and ___% matter. | 20% 80% |
| Bones are classified according to ____. | shape |
| Long Bones: | Shaft with two ends. Humurus, Femus. |
| Diaphyisis | Shaft of long bone. |
| Epiphysis | End of the long bone. |
| Short Bone | Carpels and tarsals |
| Flat Bone | Ribs, Pelvis, Skull, Sternum. |
| Irregular Bones | Vertibre. |
| Sesamoid Bone | Knee caps. |
| What are the two types of bone tissue. | Compact and cancellous |
| Compact | Very hard, usually long bones, strong. |
| Cancellous | Spongy, looks like a spiderweb. Red blood cells are made and released. |
| Cervical | 1st seven neck vertibre. C1-C7 |
| Thorasic | 12 vertibre after cervical. T1-T12 |
| Lumbar | 5 vertibre after thorasic. L1-L5 |
| Sacrel | 1 large vertibre (5 bones fused together). |
| Coccxa | Tailbone |
| What is inbetween each vertibre? | Cartiledge |
| What is the only bone that complety encloses an organ? | The Skull. |
| True Ribs | Connect directly to sternum, first seven. |
| False | Don't directly conect, last five. |
| Clavicle | Collar Bone |
| Scapulas | Shoulders |
| Humerus | Upper arms. |
| Ulna | Lower outside arm. |
| Radial | Lower arm, inside, rotates around ulna. |
| Carpules | Wrist |
| Metacarples | Palm |
| Phallanges | Bones in fingers. |
| Ilium | Top of pelvis |
| Ischium | Back of pelvis |
| Pubis | Bottom front of pelvis. |
| Femur | Upper legs, longest bone in any species, strongest. |
| Petella | Knee cap |
| Tibia | Shin bone |
| Fibula | Lower leg, behind shin bone. |
| Tarsules | Ankle bones |
| Metatarsles | Foot bones |
| Felangis | Toe bones |
| Fontanels | Soft spot |
| Frontal | Forehead |
| Parietal | Two sides top of head |
| Temporal | Temples |
| Occipital | Back of skull |
| Sphenoid | Underside bottom of skull |
| Ethmoid | Behind eyes |
| Zygomatic | Cheeks |
| Maxilary | Upper jaw |
| mandible | lower jaw |
| orbits | eye sockets |
| Greenstick | Bone cracks but does not break all the way through. Common in children. |
| simple or closed | Bone breaks complety, doesn't break skin |
| compound or open | Complete break, goes through skin. |
| impacted | Broken ends jam into each other. |
| comminuted | More than one fracture, bone fragments. |
| depressed | Broken peice of bone or skull droved inward. |
| spiral | Break winds around bone, common in sports accidents. |
| colles | Fracture of distal and of radius and/or ulna. |
| When a fracture occurs what occurs at the site? | Chematoma (collection of blood) |
| fatty embolis | Occurs after a fracture in a long bone. Waste matter collects and goes into blood stream. |
| arthroscopy | visual inspection of a joint. |
| CT scan | 3D, cuts in slices, rotate image. |
| MRI | Uses magnetics. Can see ligaments tendons and brain. |
| Advantage of ct and mri | Don't need radiation |
| Disadvantages of ct and mri | Be completly still, very expensive. |
| athritis | Joint inflammation |
| Osteoarthrities | Wear and tear, progressive deterioration of joint cartiledge. |
| Rheumatoid arthrisit | Chronic inflammatory disease attacking joints and surrounding tissues. |
| Bursitis | Inflammation of sack thats around joint. |
| Carpal Tunnel Syndrome | Tunnel restricted |
| Gout | Pain from uric acid salts in joints. |
| Spinal Curvatures | (Kyphosis) Bowing of neck or back usually at thorasic (top) level. |
Created by:
babygirl89007
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