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Psych 100 Exam 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Socrates and Plato believed in the idea that the body and mind are 2 separate things. What is that idea called? | Dualism |
| What is it called when we are "born with knowledge" | Inate knowledge |
| Who was a student of Socrates and believed that the body and mind were separated? | Aristotle |
| Who believed that the mind was spiritual and the body was a natural entity? | Decartes |
| Who was the initial author of the "tabula rusa" or blank sheet | Aristotle |
| Who was the father of Empiricism? | John Locke |
| What does is it mean to say that all ideas and knowledge are gained through experience? | Empericisim |
| Who was the first psychologist? | William Wundt |
| What did Wundt study? | How long it would take the mind to notice something and then act on it |
| Who is the father of structuralism? | Titchner |
| What is the definition of Introspection? | Looking inside the head by having people write down what is in their minds |
| Functionalism was the idea of whom? | William James |
| From 1920-1960 what was psychology considered as? | Observable behavior |
| Until the 1920s what was psychology? | study of mental life |
| What is psychology today? | The science of behavior and mental processes |
| What is behavior? | Anything we can see outwardly |
| What is mental? | Any private event that must be inferred from behavior |
| What are the 3 forms of scientific attitudes? | Empirical questions, skepticism, and critical thinking |
| What are Empirical questions? | Questions that can be answered by making objective observations |
| What is Skepticism? | When the explanation for a behavior is accepted on after the other possibilities are ruled out |
| What example of Skepticism did Dr. F use in class? | The story of her daughter and the counting of her toys. Her daughter had only memorized the numbers not the actual concept of counting the objects. |
| What is Critical Thinking? | Thinking that examines assumptions, discerns hidden values, evaluated evidence and assess all observations |
| What are the 5 ways the psychologist study behavior? | Case studies, surveys, naturalist observation, correlations, and experiments |
| What is it called when a single person or event is being studied, such as the teenage who didn't learn language until her teens? | A case study |
| What is a survey? | When participants are asked questions about their thoughts, attitude, and behaviors |
| What is the hardest part about a survey? | Finding the right sample of people |
| What are some example of survey types? | Email, website, write, phone, interview |
| What is the study of people/animal behaviors as t occurs in their natural environment? | Naturalistic observations |
| What is a good example of naturalistic observation? | Jane Goodall and the monkeys |
| What is a correlation? | When 2 variables are associated or related in some fashion |
| What was the example used in class for correlations? | The GPA and number of hours studying & the GPA and number of hours partying |
| What happened to GPA as the number of hours studying went up and what is this called and why? | The GPA also went up; positive correlation; as one increases so does the other |
| What happened to the GPA as the number of hours partying went up and what is this called and why ? | The GPA went down; negative correlation; inversely related... as one goes up the other goes up |
| What is the correlation coefficient? | What indicated the strength & direction of the correlation |
| Pearsons "r" is always between what? | -1 & 1 |
| If a number has +1 on Pearsons r what does that mean? | There is a perfect positive correlation |
| If a number has a -1 on Pearsons r what does that mean? | There is a perfect negative correlation |
| TRUE OF FALSE : There are usually perfect correlations in psychology | FALSE |
| The closer to 0 the ________ the correlation | Weaker |
| Does correlation imply causation? | NO NEVER ABSOLUTELY NOT CORRELATION DOES NOT IMPLY CAUSATION |
| What are 2 correlation study problems? | Directionality problems, third variable problems |
| What is the class given example of a third variable problem? | Ice cream & Crime third variable being high temps. |
| What study method is the only one used to study cause and effect? | Experiment |
| Variable being manipulated | Independent variable |
| The variable that is getting measured | Dependent variable |
| What is a control condition? | What serves as a comparison for the experimental condition |
| What example did Dr. F use to explain a control, IV, and DV? | Her daughter and the science fair project with the fish. The growth of the fish was the DV, the IV was the music playing, and the Control condition was the group of fish that were to grow normally with no music |
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