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Science Questions
MIDTERM
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is physical science | study of matter and energy |
| what are the two main branches of physical science | physics and chemistry |
| what is matter | anything that has mass and takes up space |
| what is energy | the ability to cause change |
| what is PE? Define | potential energy and is stored energy due to the interactions between objects or particles |
| what is KE? Define | kinetic energy and is energy due to motion |
| what is a good way to analyze data | graph results, classify information, make calculations, and review data |
| what must you draw at the end of an experiment | a conclusion |
| why are the SI units of measurements important | it eliminates the confusion of different systems of measurement from people around the world |
| why are safety rules in science important | they prevent injuries from occuring |
| define chemistry | the science that deals with the composition and properties of substances and matter |
| define physics | the science that deals with matter, energy, motion, and force |
| what is a device that makes work easier called? How does it make work easier | a machine because it changes the size of a force, the distance the force acts, and the direction of the force |
| define mechanical advantage | the ratio of a machine's output force produced to the input force applied |
| why aren't machines 100% efficient | the output work is always less than the input work |
| define output work | Wout= Fout x Dout |
| define input work | Win= Fin x Din |
| what is a reference point in relationship to motion | the starting point you use to describe the motion or the position of an object |
| how can you increase friction | microscopic roughness will increase when not using lubricant |
| how can you reduce friction | use a lubricant to reduce microscopic roughness |
| when is friction harmful | when you slide your skin against a carpet and you get a rug burn |
| when is friction helpful | the brakes on a car will slow down your speed and prevent you from crashing |
| what is the difference between speed and velocity | speed is the distance divided by the time an object takes and velocity is the speed and direction of a moving object |
| what is constant speed | the rate of change of position in which the same distance is traveled each second |
| distance/time graph shows what information | it shows at what point in time was a certain speed traveled |
| what is average speed | the total distance traveled divided by the total time taken to travel that distance |
| what is acceleration | a measure of the change in velocity during a period of time |
| what is net force | the combination of all the forces acting on an object |
| what causes a change in speed, direction, or both | force causes a change in velocity, which causes a change in speed and direction |
| the force of gravity is related to what | mass |
| what is weight measured in (SI unit) | newtons |
| how is distance related to the force of gravity | the farther the distance between objects, the less gravitational force between them |
| how do you calculate accleration | a=Vf-Vi/t |
| how do you calculate speed | v=d/t |
| what is Newton's 1st law | states that if the net force acting on an object is zero, the motion of the object does not change |
| define inertia | the tendency of an object to resist a change in its motion |
| what is Newton's second law | states that the acceleration of an object is equal to the net force exerted on the object divided by the object's mass |
| what equation explains Newton's second law | a=f/m |
| what is momentum | a measure of how hard it is to stop a moving object |
| explain the law of conservation of momentum | a principle stating that the total momentum of a group of objects stays the same unless outside forces act on the objects |
| what is air resistance | a type of fluid friction that slows the speed of a falling object |
| what are balanced forces | forces acting on an object that combine and form a net force of zero |
| what are unbalanced forces | forces acting on an object that combine and form a net force that is not zer |
| what is work | the amount of energy used as a force moves an object over a distance |
| what is power | the rate at which work is done |
| what is the SI Unit for work | joule |
| what is the SI Unit for work | watt |
| what is a fluid | any substance that can flow and take the shape of the container that holds it |
| how does pressure affect fluids | the more pressure there is, the more the fluid expands through a bottle |
| what is the SI Unit for pressure | pascals |
| what is the equation for pressure | p=f/a |
| in order for work to be done, what has to happen | there has to be a force applied and the object has to be in motion |
| what is nuclear energy | energy stored in and released from the nucleus of an atom |
| what is thermal energy | the sum of the kinetic energy and the potential energy of the particles that make up an object |
| what is biomass | burned materials that come from plants and animals |
| what is an energy transformation | when the energy of one object transfers to another object |
| how is electrical energy produced | from power plants |
| define the law of conservation of energy | law that states that energy can be transformed from one form to another, but it cannot be created or destroyed |
| name the phases of matter | solid, liquid, gas, and plasma |
Created by:
2018grellerj
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