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Pharmacology Ch.4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What was the first true antibiotic? | Sulfonamide |
| What antibiotic was made in the 1940's? | penicillin |
| What is it called when bacterium needs oxygen to survive? | Aerobic |
| What is it called when bacterium does not need oxygen to survive? | Anaerobic |
| Infections that are acquired by a patient while in a hospital? | Nosocomial |
| What shape are bacteria cells? | Round, Rod-Shaped, and Curved |
| A staining technique that divides bacteria into gram-positive or gram-negative based on the properties of the cell walls? | Gram Staining |
| Gram-Negative | Red |
| Gram-Positive | Purple |
| What are some symptoms of bacterial infections? | Fever or increased white blood cells |
| If an antibiotic is Bactericidal Agent then what does that mean? | Kills Bacteria |
| If an antibiotic is a bacteriostatic agent then what does that mean? | Slows bacteria down |
| How long are bacterial infections contagious? | 24 to 48 hrs |
| An antibiotic that is effective against multiple organisms? | Broad-Spectrum Antibiotic |
| Treatment begun before a definite diagnose can be obtained? | Empirical Treatment |
| When dispensing antibiotics and counting them out on a tray what do you need to clean the tray with after finished using it? | Alcohol |
| What do we use to clean our skin with before say we do a surgery? | Antiseptic |
| What do we use to clean tables with before using them? | Disinfectant |
| What are two examples of sulfonamides? | Bactrim and Macrodantin |
| What are two auxiliary stickers that we would place on sulfonamide antibiotics? | Take with fluids and Avoid sun exposure |
| What are sulfonamides used to treat? | UTI and Otitis Media |
| A reaction that can be fatal, marked by large red blotches on the skin- can occur from use of sulfas? | Stevens-Johnson Syndrome |
| What are two examples of penicillin? | Amoxicillin and Penicillin V |
| What are two things that penicillin treats? | Abscesses and Strep Throat |
| What are two side effects of penicillin? | Allergic Reaction and Upset Stomach |
| What type of penicillin is used in treating STD's and should be refrigerated? | Penicillin G |
| What are two Auxiliary stickers that you should place on a Penicillin prescription? | Take on empty stomach and Take with plenty fluids |
| What type of penicillin is available as a liquid or tablet and use for strep throat? | Penicillin V |
| What type of penicillin is used as both an injectable and taken orally? | Ampicillin |
| What type of penicillin is dosed three times a day? | Amoxicillin |
| Name two drugs that you could substitute for penicillin if you have are resistant to penicillin? | Augumentin and Timentin |
| What type of auxiliary sticker would Augumentin and Timentin get? | Take with food |
| What type of antibiotics has a class similar to that of penicillin but with a different antibacterial spectrum. This antibiotic is also divided into 4 generation agents? | Cephalosporin |
| What does community acquired mean? | Not acquired in the hospital |
| Name three examples of cephalosporin antibiotics? | Cephalexin- Keflex, Cefaclor- Ceclor, Cefdnir- Omnicef |
| Which generation of cephalosporins have a long half life and is used to treat severe infections? | Third Generation |
| What are three things that cephalosporins are used to treat? | Dental Work, Heart Procedures, and Meningitis |
| What are some possible side effects of cephalosporin? | Allergic Reaction, Diarrhea, and Upset Stomach |
| Why should diabetic patients not use liquid form of Omnicef? | Because it has a high sugar content |
| What type of auxiliary stickers do we put on Cephalosporins? | If liquid Refrigerate and shake well, If tablets take with plenty of fluid and on empty stomach |
| What group of antibiotic drugs is produced by soil organisms? | Tetracycline |
| Should we use Tetracyclines once they have expired? Why? | No, because they become toxic |
| What are something's that we treat with tetracycline antibiotics? | Antrax, Lyme Disease, and Rocky Moutain Fever |
| What are some potential side effects of tetracycline drugs? | GI Upset and Nausea and Vomiting |
| What are some examples of Tetracyclines? | Doxycycline- Vibramycin and Tetracycline- Sumycin |
| What auxiliary stickers would you put on Tetracycline prescriptions? | Sun Sensitivity, Do not take with antacids, and Avoid sun exposure |
| What are Tigecyclines used to treat? | Abdominal and Skin infections |
| What class of bacteriostatic antibiotics inhibit protein synthesis by combining with ribosomes; used primarily to treat pulmonary infections? | Macrolide |
| What are Macrolides used to treat? | Respiratory Tract Infections and Sinus Infections |
| What type of auxiliary stickers would you put on a Macrolide prescription? | Take with food and take with plenty of fluids |
| Give two examples of Macrolides? | Biaxin and Zithromax |
| What are some side effects of Macrolides? | Upset Stomach and Plenty of fluids |
| A classs of antibiotics that block protein synthesis by binding to ribosomal subunits and may also inhibit the formation of new ribosomes; used primarily to treat bacterial, lung, and sinus infections? | Ketolide |
| What are Ketolides used to treat? | Lung and sinus infections |
| What are some possible side effects of ketolides? | Arrythmia and Blurred vision |
| What type of auxiliary stickers do Ketolides get? | Blurred Vision and Plenty of fluids |
| What are some examples of Ketolides? | Ketek |
| What type of antibiotic has rapid bactericidal action against most gram-negative and gram- positive bacteria? | Quinolones |
| What are some examples of Quinolones? | Cipro, Levaquin, and Floxin |
| What type of auxiliary stickers should we put on Quinolones prescriptions? | Avoid sun exposure and do not take with antacids |
| What are Quinolones used to treat? | Joint Disorders and Eye Infections |
| What are some possible side effects of Quinolones? | Nausea and Vomiting and Upset Stomach |
| What type of antibiotics are used to treat serious blood infections? | Aminoglycoside |
| What are some examples of Aminoglycoside? | Garamycin, Nebcin, and Neomycin |
| What are some side effects of aminoglycosides? | Nephrotoxicity and Ototoxicity |
| Infection in the blood is called? | Sepsis |
| What antibiotic interferes with bacterial wall synthesis? | Vancomycin |
| What are some things Vancomycin treats? | Staph Infection and Kidney Disease |
| What are some side effects of Vancomycin? | Red Man Syndrome |
| What type of antibiotic is a broad-spectrum that inhibits protein synthesis? | Clindamycin |
| What does Clindamycin treat? | Acne, Bone Infections, and Bowel Infections |
| What are some side effects of Clindamycin? | Causes the lining of the intestine to sloth off and have bloody diarrhea |
| What antibiotic is effective against fungi and protozoa as well as bacteria? | Flagyl |
| What does Flagyl treat? | Fungal and Protozoa Infections |
| What are some side effects of Flagyl? | Diarrhea and Rash |
| What type of auxiliary stickers do Flagyl get? | Do not drink alcohol |
| What antibiotic do we need to be admitted to a facility before it can be administered? | Pentamidine |
| What is a side effect of Pentamidine? | Blood pressure drops |
| What antibiotic was the first oxazolidinone approved by the FDA? | Zyvox |
| What are some auxiliary stickers that should go on Zyvox? | Light sensitive and Plenty of fluids |
| Zyvox is used to treat? | Staph Infections |
| Otic | Ear |
| Opthalmic | Eye |
| What antibiotic is considered an anticoagulant and is very expensive? | Xigris |
Created by:
Marquitamoore43
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