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Phys Science Sem 1
9th grade semester review
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Volume | Amount of space an object occupies |
| Area | L x W |
| Scientific notation | ex: 6.43 x 10 ( exponent) |
| Graph | a visual display of information |
| Elements | Substances made of only one kind of atom |
| Molecules | Atoms held together by covalent bonds |
| Compounds | 2 or more elements chemically combined |
| Mixture | 2 or more elements not chemically combined |
| Atoms | Most basic form of matter |
| Atomic number | Number of protons in an atom |
| Isotope | Same element but different number of neutrons in atom |
| Phase change | Changing between solid-liquid-gas |
| Evaporation | liquid to gas |
| Condensation | gas to liquid as air cools onto object (like a cold glass on a hot day) |
| Freezing Point | point at which a liquid changes to a solid |
| Boiling point | point at which a liquid becomes a gas |
| chemical formula | the elements in a compound are described this way |
| Subscript | Little number after the abbreviation of the element name |
| Atomic bonds | Electrons are shared or transferred |
| Covalent bonds | Electrons are shared |
| Ionic bonds | Electrons are transferred |
| Characteristics | The properties of an element or compound that don't change based on amount. Boiling point, etc. |
| Density | mass/volume |
| Law of Conservation of mass | Mass can't be changed or destroyed |
| Synthesis | simpler reactants form a more complex product |
| decomposition | complex reactants broken down into simpler product |
| combustion | reaction always includes oxygen and a molecule of carbon/hydrogen |
| exothermic reaction | Light or heat energy is given off |
| Endothermic Reaction | reaction in which energy is absorbed |
| Solute | the solid that is dissolved in water |
| solvent | the liquid that dissolves the solid |
| Solution | the solute and solvent together |
| Saturated solution | A solution with the maximum amount of solute at the temp |
| Solubility | Amount of solids that can be dissolved in a solution. This increases with rise in temp. |
| Concentration | The amount of solute in the solution |
| Precipitate | A solid that settles at the bottom of a solution when cooled. |
| Acid | pH of less than 7, donates protons |
| Bases | accepts protons, pH of more than 7 |
| Fractional distillation | uses boiling point to separate mixtures |
| Filtration | procedure used to separate insoluble solids |
| Paper Chromatography | procedure used to separate mixtures based on different solubilities |
Created by:
cesdawson
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