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pharmacology terms
| term | definition |
|---|---|
| additive effect | effect of one drug added to another - same mechanism |
| synergistic effect (synergism) | drugs taken together (similar effect) produce effect that is > effects of each added together - different mechanism |
| drug of choice | most effacious drug for condition |
| first line drugs | max efficacy with most acceptable adverse effect profile |
| efficacy | max effect that can be acheived by drug - regardless of dose |
| 2nd line drugs | decreased efficacy compared to 1st line, and/or less acceptable adverse effect profile |
| 3rd line drugs | effacious but unfavorable adverse effect profile. |
| antagonism | drug blocks effects of another drug |
| mechanism of action | how a drug works via biological & biomechanical changes w/in body |
| 4 parts of pharmacokinetics | absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination |
| absorption | how drug gets into plasma (route of admin) |
| distribution | where drug goes in the body |
| metabolism | how drug is changed in body |
| elimination | how drug leaves body |
| what determines absorbtion | ph of compartment, lipid solubility, vascularity of admin site |
| lipid soluble | able to mix with fats |
| vascularity | pertains to amount of blood vessels at admin site |
| drug half-life (T 1/2) | amount of time for 1/2 drug dose to be cleared from body |
| in order for a drug to work it must be?` | free in the plasma |
| agonist | mimics actions of a substance in the body (endogenous substance) |
| endogenous substance | substance originating w/in the body |
| indirect agonism | inhibits breakdown of endogenous substance |
| partial agonists | used to normalize activity: act as agonist and antagonist as needed |
| Lupron | Brand name for leuprolide acetate, prescribed for the palliative treatment of prostatic cancer |
| heparin | Generic name of a drug indicated for anticoagulant therapy |
| Procrit | Brand name for erythropoietin, a hormone used to increase production of red blood cells in patients with cancer and renal disease |
| Glucotrol | Brand name for glipizide, given to control blood sugar levels in diabetics |
| Cytoxan | Brand name for cyclophosphamide, indicated in the treatment of several types of malignant neoplastic diseases |
| Synthroid | Brand name for levothyroxine sodium, prescribed for patients with decreased thryoid hormone production |
| Retrovir | Brand name for AZT or zidovudine, used to treat the virus responsible for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) |
| Nolvadex | Brand name for tamoxifen citrate, used for teh treatment of female breast cancer |
| Adriamycin | Brand name for doxorubicin, a chemotherapy agent indicated for the treatment of breast cancer and other neoplasms |
| Humulin | Brand of injectable insulin, used to replace the missing hormone in diabetics and responsible for lowering blood sugars. |
| Humulin | Brand of injectable insulin, used to replace the missing hormone in diabetics and responsible for lowering blood sugars |
| Demulen | Brand name for ethynodiol diacetate, used as an oral contraceptive |
| Premarin | Brand name for conjugated estrogens, generally prescribed as estrogen replacement therapy |
| Coumadin | Brand name for crystalline sodium warfarin, used for the prevention of blood clots |
| Taxol | Brand name for paclitaxel, a drug originally obtained from the yew tree; now used to treat ovarian, breast and lung chancers. |
| Micronase | Brand name for glyburide, an oral medication used to control blood sugar levels in diabetic patients. |
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pfunkdesign
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