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Science midterm
waves/sound
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The ability to cause change | energy |
| How is kinetic energy increased? | increasing mass or speed |
| The energy stored in food is a form of | potential energy |
| Which type of energy is stored in the nucleus of atoms? | nuclear energy |
| What kind of energy are X-ray made? | electromagnetic |
| Sunlight is changed into electric energy by what device? | solar cell |
| When a rock falls from a cliff potential energy changes to ______. | kinetic |
| Temperature is usually measured in degrees with what device? | Thermometer |
| Why are steel joints often used to separate sections of concrete bridges? | Thermal expansion cause the concrete to expand and crack |
| According to the kinetic theory of matter, how do particles in a gas move? | More freely than a liquid |
| Heat is a flow of energy caused by ? | temperature difference. |
| The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1°C is called | specific heat |
| A metal spoon is used to stir a pot of hot soup. The spoon is warmed by which type of heat transfer? | conduction |
| Suppose that you are at the beach. Energy from the Sun reaches you mainly through which type of heat transfer? | radiation |
| Many people wear hats in the winter. Are hats insulators or conductors of heat? | insulator |
| How do forces cause waves? | By creating disturbance |
| Give at least two examples of a longitudinal wave. | Sound waves , a spring |
| What is wave frequency? | The number of crests that reach the shore in a given time |
| What do you measure to find wavelength? | Distance from through to trough or crest to crest |
| An echo is an example of what type of wave movement? | reflection |
| What is refraction | A waves bends as it passes into a new medium |
| Give an example of diffraction. | A waves spreads as it passes a barrier |
| How does a mechanical wave transfer energy? | By moving a medium (material) |
| What causes sound waves? | vibration |
| How is the sound of your voice produced? | When your vocal cord vibrate |
| To make the pitch of a sound wave lower, frequency has to | decrease |
| When an ambulance passes, how does the sound of the siren change? | The pitch decrease. |
| The intensity of a sound is determined by what measurement of the wave? | amplitude |
| If the frequency of a sound wave is increased, the sound's ___ is also increased. | pitch |
| By turning up the volume on a stereo, you are increasing the ___ of the sound wave. | intensity |
| What type of sounds can damage hearing? | High intensity sound |
| How is ultrasound used in the medical field? | To examine internal organs |
| Where do most of the visible electromagnetic waves on Earth come from? | sun |
| Unlike mechanical waves, electromagnetic waves can transfer energy through | empty space |
| Which EM waves have the highest frequencies? | gamma rays |
| A fire produces light by | incandescence |
| Sunblock and some kinds of sunglasses are designed to protect against which type of EM waves? | ultraviolet |
| A regular light bulb creates light by heating a filament until it glows. This way of producing light is called __. | incandescence |
| How do bioluminescent animals produce light? | Through Chemical reaction |
| The light that hits a clear window will mostly be ___. | transmitted |
| What do polarized sunglasses do? | Let trough light waves that vibrate in only one direction |
| The apparent color of an object depends on what two factors? | The wavelength of light it reflects and light shining on it |
| What is the study of light and tools that use light? | optics |
| In what direction are parallel light rays that hit a concave mirror reflected? | in a focal point |
| A ray of sunlight moves from the air into the denser medium of a pond. How will the light ray's speed change? | it will slow down |
| Why can a laser beam travel great distances without spreading? | The waves are parallel and very concentrated |
| What does the law of reflection state? | the angle of incidence and angle of reflection |
| Where do images focus in the eye? | retina |
| If a mirror reflects light rays and brings them together at a focal point, then the mirror must be ____. | concave |
| How does a refracting telescope enlarge images? | It uses a combination of convex lens |
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