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unit 2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| work | the transfer of energy to an object by using a force that causes the object to move in the direction of the force |
| power | the rate at which work is done or energy is transformed |
| energy | the ability to cause change |
| kinetic energy | the energy of an object that is due to the objects motion |
| potential energy | the energy that an object has because of the position, condition, or chemical composition of the object |
| mechanical energy | the sum of an object's kinetic energy and potential energy due to gravity or elastic deformation; does not include chemical energy or nuclear energy |
| machine | a device that helps do work by changing the magnitude and/or direction of an applied force |
| fulcrum | the point on which a lever pivots |
| mechanical advantage | a number that tells how many times a machine multiplies input force |
| wheel and axle | a simple machine consisting of two circular objects of different sizes; the wheel is the larger of the two circular objects, and the axle is attached to the center of the wheel |
| mechanical efficiency | a quantity, usually expressed as a percentage, that measures the ratio of work output to work input in a machine |
| pulley | a simple machine that consists of a wheel over which a rope, chain, or wire passes |
| lever | a simple machine that consists of a bar that pivots at a fixed point called a fulcrum |
| inclined plane | a simple machine that is a straight, slanted surface, which facilitates the raising of loads; a ramp |
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