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Behavior Disorders
Dr. Ryan's lectures
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| normal anxiety | warning of internal or external threat that prompts person to take steps to prevent the threat or lessen its consequences |
| list the different anxiety disorders | 1. specific phobia 2. social phobia 3. panic disorder |
| specific phobia | marked fear or anxiety about a specific object or situation that provokes immediate fear or anxiety that is out of proportion to the actual danger posed by the object/situation/context |
| social phobia | anxiety about social situations in which the individual is exposed to possible scrutiny by others that persists for 6 months or more |
| panic attack | abrupt surge of intense fear or intense discomfort that reaches a peak within minutes and during which time 4 + symptoms occur |
| panic disorder | recurrent unexpected panic attacks with at least one of the attacks being following by 1 month or more of the following: persistent concern or worry about additional panic attacks or their consequences and/or significant maladaptive behavior |
| agoraphobia | marked fear or anxiety about two + of the following situation: 1. using public transportation 2. being in open spaces 3. being in enclosed places 4. standing in line or being in a crowd 5. being outside of the home alone |
| generalized anxiety disorder | excessive anxiety and worry, more days that not, for at least 6 months, about a number of events or activities |
| obsessive compulsive disorder | presence of obsessions, compulsions OR BOTH that are time-consuming (more than 1hr/day) or cause clinically significant distress |
| list the obsessive compulsive disorders | 1. body dysmorphic disorder 2. hoarding 3. trichotillomania 4. excoriation |
| body dysmorphic disorder | preoccupation with one or more perceived defects or flaws in physical appearance that are not observable or appear slight to others |
| hoarding | persistent difficulty discarding or parting with possessions, regardless of their value due to a perceived need to save the items |
| excoriation | recurrent skin picking resulting in skin lesions w/ repeated attempts to decrease or stop |
| PTSD criteria | criteria #1: exposure criteria (1+) criteria #2: intrusion symptoms (1+) criteria #3 avoidance of stimuli (1+) criteria #4 negative cognitions and moods (2+) criteria #5 alterations in arousal and reactivity (2+) for > 1 month |
| list the stress related disorders | 1. acute stress disorder 2. adjustment disorder |
| acute stress disorder | exposure to actual or threatened death, serious injury, or sexual violence in one or more ways that lead to symptoms for UP TO 1 MONTH |
| adjustment disorders | development of emotional or behavioral symptoms to an identifiable stressor occurring w/in 3 months of the onset of the stressor |
| mood | relatively sustained emotional disposition - SUBJECTIVE |
| affect | how a person's state is perceived by someone else- OBJECTIVE |
| list the mood episodes | 1. major depressive episode 2. manic episode 3. hypomanic episode |
| major depressive episode | 2 week period of either depressed mood or anhedonia & 5+ of the following: significant weight loss, insomnia/hypersomina, psychomotor retardation, fatigue, worthlessness, decreased concentration, suicidal ideations |
| manic episode | elevated, expansive or irritable mood for at least 1 week & 3+ of the following: inflated self-esteem, decreased need for sleep, talkative, racing thoughts, distractibility, increased goal-directed activity, excessive involvement in activities |
| hypomanic episode | elevated, expanisive or irritable mood for at least 4 days & 3+ of the manic symptoms BUT THEY NOT CAUSE MARKED IMPAIRMENT IN FUNCTIONING |
| disruptive mood dysregulation disorder | severe recurrent temper outburts manifested verbally and/or behaviorally that are grossly out of proportion in intensity or duration to the situation |
| major depressive disorder | 1+ depressive episodes |
| persistent depressive disorder | overall depressed mood as indicated by either subjective observation by others for at least 2 years & presence, while depressed, of 2+: bad appetite, insomnia, low energy, fatigue, low self-esteem, poor concentration, hopeless |
| *bipolar I disorder | MUST have 1 manic episode but MAY also have hypomanic and/or depressive episodes |
| *bipolar II disorder | MUST have at least 1 hypomanic & at least 1 major depressive episode but NO manic or mixed episodes |
| cyclothymic disoder | in at least two years there have been numerous periods with hypomania symptoms that do not meet criteria for a hypomania episode and numerous periods w/ depressive symptoms that do not meet criteria for a major depressive episode |
| stable (unipolar) disorders | persistent depressive disorder (mild), major depressive disorder and PMDD (severe) |
| alternating (bipolar) disorders | cyclothymic (mild), bipolar I and II (severe) |
| personality | relatively stable and enduring set of characteristic behavioral and emotional traits that characterize a person's adaptation to life |
| functions of frontal lobes | restraint (judgement, foresight, perseverance, etc), initiative (curiosity, spontaneity, motivation, etc) and order (abstract, planning, sequencing, etc) |
| response to crisis | primitive (psychotic states), immature (personality disorders), neurotic (GAD, mild depression, PTSD, etc.), mature (no impairment) |
| personality disorder | inflexible and maladaptive response to stress |
| *DSM-V general criteria for a personality disoder | An enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior that deviates markedly from the expectations of the individual’s culture. The pattern is manifested in 2 or more of the following areas: cognition, affect, interpersonal functioning, impulse control |
| list the personality disorders | 1. paranoid 2. schizoid 3. schizotypal 4. antisocial 5. bordeline 6. histrionic 7. narcissistic 8. avoidant 9. dependent 10. obsessive |
| cluster A personality disorders | odd/ eccentric 1. paranoid 2. schizoid 3. schizotypal |
| paranoid personality disorder | distrust and suspiciousness about the motives of others (SUSPECT) |
| schizoid personality disorder | detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of emotional expression - these people DO NOT WANT FRIENDS (DISTANT) |
| schizotypal personality disorder | acute discomfort in close relationships, cognitive or perceptural distortions, and behavioral eccentricities - these people WANT FRIENDS BUT JUST AREN'T GOOD AT MAKING THEM (ME PECULIAR) |
| cluster B personality disorders | dramatic/ erratic 1. antisocial 2. borderline 3. histrionic 4. narcissistic |
| antisocial personality disorder | disregard for and violation of the rights of others (CORRUPT) |
| borderline personality disorder | instability in emotions and interpersonal relationships, inadequate self-image, fear of abandonment, and marked impulsivity (AM SUICIDE) |
| histrionic personality disoder | excessive emotionality and attention seeking- often dramatic (PRAISE ME) |
| narcissistic personality disorder | grandiosity, a need for admiration, a lack of empathy for the problems and needs of others (SPECIAL) |
| cluster C personality disoders | anxious/ fearful 1. avoidant 2. dependent 3. obsessive |
| avoidant personality disoder | social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy and hypersensitivity to criticism or negativism (CRINGES) |
| dependent personality disoder | submissive and clinging behavior and fears of separation (RELIANCE) |
| obsessive compulsive personality disorder | preoccupation w/ orderliness, perfectionism, control (LAW FIRMS) |
| general characteristic of somatoform disorders | physical or somatic complaints unexplained by a medical condition and these symptoms are NOT intentionally produced |
| list the somatoform disorders | 1. somatic symptom disorder 2. illness anxiety disorder 3. conversion disorder 4. psycholofical factors affecting other medical conditions |
| somatic symptom disorder | 1 or more somatic symptoms that are distressing or result in significant disruption of daily life |
| illness anxiety disoder | preoccupation with having or acquiring a serious illness WITHOUT somatic symptoms being present |
| conversion disorder | Neuro symptoms that are found, after appropriate neuro assessment, to be incompatible with neuro pathophysiology |
| Psychological factors affecting other medical conditions | A REAL MEDICAL CONDITION IS PRESENT - One or more psychological or behavioral problems adversely and significantly affect the course or outcome of the medical condition in or more ways |
| general characteristic of factitious disorder and malingering | symptoms are willingly and knowingly induced by the patient |
| factious disorder (Munchausen) | falsification of physical or psychological signs or symptoms or induction of injury or disease, associated with an identifiable deception |
| malingering | a disorder in which signs and symptoms of physical and mental disorders are intentionally produced by the patient in an effort to achieve a secondary gain - the patient KNOWS WHAT THEY ARE DOING AND THEY KNOW WHY |
| delusion | erroneous beliefs that usually involve a misinterpretation of perceptions or experiences |
| hallucination | distortions in perception |
| tangentiality | answers to questions may be obliquely related or completely unrelated |
| circumlocution | the use of unnecessarily large numbers of words to express an idea - often very disorganized |
| brief psychotic disoder | presence of at least one of the following for at least 1 day but less than 1 month (delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, disorganized catatonic behavior) - eventually return to normal |
| delusional disorders | delusions for at least 1 month with never meeting Criterion A for Schizophrenia AND functioning is not markedly impaired and behavior is not obviously odd or bizarre |
| schizophreniform | essential features are IDENTICAL to schizophrenia but total duration of illness is between 1 and 6 months AND functioning is NOT IMPAIRED |
| schizophrenia | two or more of the following (delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, disorganized catatonic behavior, negative symptoms), social/occupational dysfunction, signs >6 months, other disorder ruled out |
| schizoaffective | an uninterrupted period of illness for > 2 weeks during which there is either a major depressive episode, a manic episode concurrent with symptoms that meet criterion A for schizophrenia |
| dissociative identity disorder | disruption of identity characterized by two or more distinct personality states, which may be described in some cultures as an experience of possession |
| dissociative amnesia | an inability to recall important autobiographical information, usually of a traumatic or stressful nature, that is inconsistent with ordinary forgetting |
| depersonalization disorder | detachment from oneself |
| derealization disorder | detachment from surroundings/ environment |
Created by:
mbowling1
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