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Physics 1
Questions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the model which has the earth as the centre of the universe? | Geocentric - by Ptolemy |
| What is the model which has the sun as the centre of the universe? | Heliocentric - by Copernicus |
| Which is the preferred model of the universe? And why? | Heliocentric, as Galileo discovered the moons orbiting Jupiter. |
| How does a refracting telescope work? | Ray of light enter the telescope through a convex objective lens, creating an image in the tube at the focal point and the we see it through the eyepiece lens which magnify's it. |
| Pro's and Con's of a refracting telescope: | Pro's: you can see a far distance away Con's: Tube must be long = more materials |
| What's the difference between a virtual and real image? | Virtual image = doesnt come from where the rays of light are Real = rays of light meet at the point where the image is seen |
| How does a reflecting telescope work? | In a reflecting telescope the image is formed by reflection from a curved mirror. It is then magnified by a secondary mirror. |
| What are transverse waves? | Waves in which particles move perpendicular to the direction of the wave e.g light, water |
| What are longitudinal waves? | Wave in which particles move in the same direction of the way e.g sound |
| What is the wave length? | Length of one completed wave |
| What is frequency of a wave? and what is it measured in? | Number of waves pass a certain point in one second. Herts (Hz) |
| What is the amplitude of a wave? | The hight of a wave |
| Equation of wave speed: | wave speed (m/s) = Distance (m)/ time (s) |
| What are all the colours in the visible colour spectrum? | Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Indigo, Violet |
| What is Infra-Red? | The non-visible light that is just before red found using themometers |
| What is Ultra-Violet? | The non-visible light that is just after violet |
| At what speed do EM waves travel through a vacuum? | Speed of light |
| Name all the electromagnetic spectrum in order of frequency levels (lowest - highest): | Radio, Microwaves, Infra-red, Visible, Ultra-Violet, X-ray, Gamma |
| What are the uses of Radio, Micro and Infra-red waves? | Radio = TV, communication Microwaves = Cooking Infra-red = Thermal imagine/ optical fibre |
| What are the uses of Visible, Ultra-violet, X-rays and gamma rays? | Visible = Seeing Ultra-violet = Fluorescent lights, sun beds X-ray = Medical imaging Gamma = Killing cancer cells |
| Name 4 electromagnetic dangers: | -Microwaves cause internal heating of body tissue -Infra-red causes skin burns -X-rays can damage, mutation, death of cells -Gamma same as X-rays (both can cause cancer) |
| What is ioning radiation | Radiation of certain high energy particles, taking away an electron, that can cause atoms to become electrically (positively) charged. |
| Name the three radioactive materials in order of strength (low-high) : | Alpha Beta Gamma |
| What is the order of the universe (small - big)? | Earth-Solar System- Milky way galaxy - Universe |
| What is a spectrometer? | Instrument that can split up light to show the colours of the spectrum. |
| Name all the planets (closest to the sun - furthest) | Mercury,Venus,Earth,Mars,Jupiter,Saturn,Uranus,Neptune.....MY VERY EASY METHOD JUST SPEEDS UP NAMING!! |
| What are the disadvantages of optical telescopes? | -Only can see at night -Cannot be used in bad weather |
| What do landers do? | Collects soil from land |
| What do space probes do? | Orit planets (taking pictures) |
| What do rovers do? | Takes pictures of soil and landscape |
| What is SETI? | Search for Extraterrestrial Inteligance |
| What is the life cycle of a star that is similar to the sun? | Nebula (exploded star), Protostar (gravity pulling hydrogen and gases together), Main Sequence star (stable star, hydrogen fusion) Red Giant (finished hydrogen, gravity makes it rebound out), White Dwaf (cooled, no fusion), Black Dwaf. |
| What is the life cycle of a star that is much bigger than the sun? | Nebula (exploded star), Protostar (gravity pulling hydrogen and gases together), Main Sequence star (stable star, hydrogen fusion) , Super Red Giant (used all hydrogen, rebounds out), Supernova (core collapses outwards), neutron star or black whole. |
| What is the Big Bang theory? | Universes creation that it is constantly expanding due to the large explosion 14 billion years ago |
| What is the Steady State theory? | Universe is always getting bigger and creating new matter. |
| Preferred method of the universe and evidence? | Red-shift: supports both CMB: supports big bang (found in the sky) |
| What is the doppler effect? | The change of pitch of a sound coming from a moving source |
| What is Red-Shift? | When an object moves away from the observes, the waves emitted have an increased wavelength and visa versa. |
| What does red-shift tell us about the universe around us? | That distance galaxies are moving away from us and the further it is, the faster its moving. |
| What is infra-sound? | Below 20Hz |
| What is ultra-sound? | Above 20,000 Hz |
| What is a normal human hearing range? | 20-20,000Hz |
| Uses of Infra-sound? | -Animal communication (elephants) -Detect meteors or volcanic erruption -Movements far away |
| Uses of Ultra-sound? | -Prenatal scanning -Sonar Techniques/ Puse eco -Communication of animals (bats, dophins) |
| What is the equation of Puso-Echo? | Distance =Time X Speed/ 2 |
| Name the four layers of the earth and state whether its liquid or solid: | Crust = Solid Mantle = Solid but can flow Outer core = Liquid Inner core = Solid |
| What are the properties of P waves? | -Longitudinal -Fast Moving -Travel through liquids and solids |
| What are the properties of S waves? | -Transverse -Slow Moving -Travel through solids only |
| How do earthquakes occur? | The Earth’s crust and upper mantle are broken up into huge tectonic plates. Where these meet, the Earth’s crust becomes unstable and earthquakes occur. |
| How do we use to find out where an earthquake happened? | Using a seismometer placed in 3 different locations, using the information of the P and S waves emitted, we know the distance and the point where they all connect is the epicentre of the earthquake. |
Created by:
missjessicalee
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