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Vocanoes

Terms Associated With Volcanoes

TermDefinition
magma liquid rock that is below the ground
lava liquid rock that has been forced above ground
Ring of Fire The "Ring of Fire" is a 10,000 mile belt of volcanoes marking the borders of several Pacific area tectonic plates.
convergent plate boundary An area where two tectonic plates are colliding.
divergent plate boundary An area where two plates are moving apart. Magma from deep within the crust then rises to the surface through cracks.
volcano A mountain that was created by the rising of hot molten material from inside the earth.
hot spot Large magma chambers (liquid rock below the ground) that form within a plate, even when it is not close to a subduction zone. These usually cause volcanic islands to form.
magma chamber An underground cavity containing molten rock, especially below a volcano.
tectonic plate A section of the earth's lithosphere or shell that carries a continent, an ocean basin, or both.
cinder cone volcano A volcano with steep, cone-shaped sides. Usually a conical hill around an erupting vent.
composite volcano A volcano with features of both shield and cinder cone volcanoes, including a base with gentle slopes and steeper slopes near the top.
continental drift The theory that continents move around the earth's surface at the rate of a few inches each year.
lithosphere The earth's outer shell, consisting of its solid outer mantle and crust.
shield volcano A shield-shaped volcano with gently sloping sides.
subduction zone An area where one tectonic plate dives beneath another.
transform boundary An area where two tectonic plates are moving past each other.
core The central portion of the Earth below the mantle, consisting of iron and nickel.
mantle The layer of the Earth between the crust and the core.
crust The exterior portion of the earth.
Created by: Mrs. Kumpunen
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