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Science chapter 9
Physical Science;9th grade; chapter 9
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Heat flows from | hot to cold |
| Heat is an object's what | thermal energy |
| according to the kinetic-molecular model, atoms, molecules, ions and their subatomic particles are in what kind of motion | constant |
| PE+KE=what | total internal energy |
| what is the sum of all the kinetic energies of its particles | thermal energy |
| thermal energy can be measured when it is what | transferred from one system to another |
| when molecules start moving they gain or lose kinetic energy | gain |
| when molecules gain energy, you increase what | thermal energy and temperature |
| transferring particle kinetic energy, the motion is called what | heating and cooling |
| a loss of thermal energy is usually accompanied by what | falling temperatures |
| a gain of thermal energy is usually accompanied by what | rising temperatures |
| the temperature of an object is directly related to the what of its atoms and molecules | average kinetic energy |
| what is temperature measured with | thermometer |
| where is the fahrenheit scale used | on thermometers in teh US |
| when was the thermometer created | 1714 |
| Anders Celsius devised a decimal temperature scale in what year | 1742 |
| Kelvin scale was created in what year and by whom | 1848 by Lord Kelvin |
| what is an advantage to the kelvin scale | no negative values |
| what type of expansion happens on the particle level | thermal expansion |
| what does electrical resistance increase with | increasing temperatures |
| what is viscosity | the measure of the resistance of liquids to flow |
| what is the quantity of thermal energy that flows from one place to another | heat |
| what is it called when two objects of different temperatures touch, thermal energy moves from the hotter object to the cooler one | conduction |
| conduction is the chief process by which thermal energy moves through what | solids |
| what is the best natural conductor of thermal energy | diamond |
| what is convection | thermal energy carried from one location to another by a fluid |
| colder fluids sink because they are more dense. what is this flow called | convection current |
| what is radiation | thermal energy that radiate from the source outward |
| what is a vacuum | large amounts of empty space |
| radiant energy can transfer thermal energy between two objects that are what | not in contact |
| radiant energy does or does not use matter to move between systems | does NOT |
| does thermal energy need matter to move | yes |
| what are insulators | materials that resist the flow of thermal energy |
| what is the best type of insulator | a vacuum |
| what is the relationship between the amount of thermal energy absorbed and the temperature change caused by this | heat capacity (C) |
| what is the heat capacity per gram of material | specific heat capacity/specific heat |
| what is the amount of thermal energy exchanged per gram of material during melting or freezing | latent heat of fusion |
| what is the amount of heat it takes to change the liquid to a gas | latent heat of vaporization |
| what is freezing | liquid to a solid |
| what is melting | solid to liquid |
| what is condensation | gas to liquid |
| what is vaporization | liquid to gas |
| what is sublimation | solid to gas without passing through the intermediate state of a liquid |
| what is deposition | gas to a solid without passing through the intermediate state of a liquid |
| the temperature and pressure at which the solid, liquid, and gas phases exist simultaneously | triple point |
| the temperature above which a substance will always be a gas regardless of the pressure | critical point |
| the temperature at which the solid and liquid phases of a substance are in equilibrium at atmospheric pressure | freezing point |
| the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to the pressure on the liquid | boiling point |
Created by:
ashmw99
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