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Physicalscience Ch.9
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Heat | flows from hot to cold |
| internal energy | The sum of potential energies and kinetic energies |
| thermal energy | the sum of all kinetic energies |
| thermal energy is only______ of the internal energy | Part |
| you can measure the change in thermal energy by measuring the | change in temperature |
| When molecules start moving more they are gaining | kinetic energy |
| The temperature of an object is directly related to | the average kinetic energy of its atoms and molecules. |
| temperature is measured in | degrees |
| temperature is measured using a | thermometer |
| Celsius= | 5/9 (Fahrenheit -32) |
| Fahrenheit= | 9/5 Celsius +32 |
| happens on the particle level | thermal expansion |
| increases with temperature | electrical resistance |
| decreases with increasing temperature | viscosity |
| viscosity | the measure of resistance of liquids to flow |
| the quantity of thermal energy that flows from one place to another | heat |
| conduction | when two objects of different temperatures touch, thermal energy moves from the hotter object to the cooler one |
| Convection | thermal energy carried from one location to another by a fluid |
| Radiation | thermal energy that radiates from the source outward |
| does not use matter to move between systems | Radiant Energy |
| needs matter to move | thermal energy |
| Materials that resist the flow of thermal energy | insulators |
| are good insulators | gases |
| Heat capacity | the relationship between the amount of thermal energy absorbed and the temperature change caused by this |
| Specific heat formula | Q=mc(Change in)T |
| latent heat of fusion | the amount of thermal energy exchanged per gram of material during melting or freezing |
| Latent heat of vaporization | the amount of heat it takes to change the liquid to a gas |
| Triple point | the temperature and pressure at which the solid, liquid, and gas phases exist simultaneously |
| Critical point | the temperature above at which a substance will always be a gas regardless of the pressure |
| Freezing point | the temperature at which the solid and liquid phases od a substance are in equilibrium at atmospheric pressure |
| Boiling point | the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to the pressure on the liquid |
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