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PhysScienceChap9
Physical Science Chapter 9 by Karley Willman
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Heat flows from | hot to cold |
| Heat is an objects | thermal energy |
| What does the kinetic-molecular model say? | atoms, molecules, ions, and their subatomic particles are in constant motion and thus have kinetic energy |
| how do you get the total internal energy (TE)? | add the potential energies (PE) and the kinetic energies (KE) together |
| what is thermal energy? | the sum of all the kinetic energies of its particles |
| how can thermal energy be measured? | as it is transferred from one system to another |
| what happens when molecules start moving more? | they are gaining thermal energy |
| When you gain kinetic energy you-? | increase your thermal energy and your temperature |
| what is transferring particle kinetic energy, the motion called? | heating and cooling |
| a LOSS of thermal energy is usually accompanied by what? | falling temperatures |
| a GAIN of thermal energy is usually sccompanied by what? | rising temperatures |
| What is the temperature of an object directly related to? | Average kinetic energy |
| temperature is measures in what? | degrees |
| what tool is used to measure temperature degrees? | thermometer |
| What temperature scales is used on thermometers in the US? | Fahrenheit |
| Who created the Fahrenheit scale? | Gabriel Farenheit |
| Who created the Celcius scale? | Anders Celcius |
| Who created the Kelvin scale? | Lord Kelvin |
| What is the sdvantage of the Kelvin scale? | there are NO negatuve values |
| How do you convert Fahrenheit to Celcius? | C= 5/9 (Fahrenheit-32) |
| How do you convert Celcius to Fahrenheit? | F= 9/5*Celcius + 32 |
| What is Thermal Expansion? | When the particles gain energy and can move away from eachother more |
| What is Electrical resistance | a resistance that increases with increasing temperature because the electrons move more randomly |
| what is viscosity? | the measure of the resistance of liquids to flow, decreasing with temperature |
| Which is more viscous, maple syrup or water? | Maple syrup |
| What is heat? | the quantity of thermal energy that flows from one place to another |
| What is conduction? | when two objects of different temperatures touch, thermal energy moves from the hotter object to the cooler one |
| Conduction is the chief process by which thermal emergy moves through what? | solids |
| What is convection? | thermal energy carried from one location to another by fluid |
| Gasses and liquids are | fluids |
| What is the convection current | when colder fluids sink because they are more dense |
| What is radiation? | thermal energy that rediates from the source outward |
| Radiant energy can transfer thermal energy between two objects that are not in...? | contact |
| What needs matter to move? | thermal energy |
| What are insulators? | materials that resist the flow of thermal energy |
| What is the BEST insulator? | a vacuum |
| What is heat capacity? | how much heat it takes to make to object warm up |
| What is specific heat capacity/spacific heat? | the heat capacity per gram of material- the amount of thermal energy that must be gained or lost to change the temperature of 1g of the substance |
| What is the Latent heat of fusion? | the amount of thermal energy exchanged per gram of material during melting or freezing |
| What is the Latent heat of vaporization? | the amount of heat it takes to change the liquid to gas |
| What is freezing? | the phase change as a substance changes from a liquid to solid |
| What is melting? | the phase change as a substance changes from a solid to a liquid |
| What is condensation? | the phase change as a substance changes from a liquid to a solid |
| What is vaporization? | the phase change as a substance changes from a liquid to gas |
| What is sublimation? | the phase change as a substance changes from a solid without passing through the intermediate state of a liquid |
| What is deposition? | the phase change as a substance changes from a gas to a solid without passing through the intermediate state of a liquid |
| What is the triple point? | the temperature and pressure at which the solid, liquid, and gas phases exist simultaneously |
| What is the critical point? | the temperature above which a substance will always be a gas regardless of the pressure |
| What is the freezing point? | the temperature at which the solid and liquid phases of a substance are in equilibrium at atmospheric pressure |
| What is the boiling point? | the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to the pressure on the liquid |
Created by:
karleykristyn
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