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thermal energy
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| temperature | is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the individual particles in an object |
| temperature scales | fahrenheit celsius kelvin |
| fahrenheit scale | in the united states the most common temperature scale |
| celsius scale | the temperature scale used in most of the world |
| kelvin scale | the temperature scale commonly used in physical science |
| thermal energy | is the total energy of all the particles |
| heat | is the movement of thermal energy from a substance at a higher temperature to another at a lower temperature |
| heat transfer | conduction convection and radiation |
| conduction | heat is transfer from one particle of matter to another without the movement of matter itself |
| convection | is the movement that transfer heat within the water |
| convection current | this flow creates a circular motion |
| radiation | is the transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves |
| conductor | a material that conducts heat well |
| insulator | a material that does not conduct heat well |
| specific heat | the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1 degrees kelvin |
| three states of matter | solid liquid and gas |
| solid | the particles that make up are packed together in relatively fixed postions |
| liquid | the particles that make up are close together but they are not held together in relatively fixed postions |
| gas | the particles are moving so fast that they dont even stay close together |
| change of state | occurs between the solid and liquid states and between the liquid and gas states |
| melting | the change of state from a solid to a liquid |
| melting point | the temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid |
| freezing | the change of state from a liquid to a solid |
| freezing point | the temperature at which a substance loses thermal energy |
| vaporization | the process by which matter changes from the liquid to the gas state |
| evaporation | if vaporization takes place at the surface of a liquid |
| boiling | at higher temperatures vaporization can occur below the surface of a liquid as well |
| boiling point | the temperature at which a liquid boils |
| condensation | a change from the gas state to a liquid state |
| thermal expansion | the expanding of matter when it is heated |
| heat engines | the conversion of thermal energy to mechanical energy requires a device |
| combustion | is the process of burning a fuel such as coal or gasoline |
| external combustion engine | the fuel is burned outside the engine |
| internal combustion engine | the fuel is burned inside the engine |
| refrigerator | is a device that uses an outside energy source to transfer thermal energy from a cool area to a warm area |
Created by:
christinesalayka
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