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Glacial Terms - Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| grounding line | furthest extent of a glacier in the sea |
| ice shelf | ice exposed over the sea |
| rain-out | rain out of silty material in a lake (most likely glacial) |
| ice-rafting | sediment riding a glacier out to sea |
| dropstones | stones dropped from a glacier out at sea |
| varves | sediment deposition in lakes showing seasonal changes |
| subglacial lakes | lakes beneath a glacier |
| supraglacial lakes | lakes on top of a glacier |
| proglacial lakes | lakes in front of a glacier |
| iceberg scour | marks left by a glacier in the bottom of the ocean |
| striated boulder pavements | form at the base of ice sheets in interitdal areas |
| glacio-isostasy | compression of the crust caused by glaciers |
| crustal rebound | rebound of the crust after glaciers have retreated |
| North American ice-free corridor | corridor between which early humans were thought to have crossed into America. Came into existence around 14.5 kyr |
| Clovis points and culture | specific point that fit into a fluted spear |
| Monte Verde site | Site found in Southern Chile which was much older than other sites in North America |
| Pleistocene mammals | many went extinct around the younger dryas/arrival of humans |
| Marine Isotope Stages | Stages of oxygen? Pulled from glacial ice cores in Anarctica and Greenland |
| Solutrean Hypothesis | hypothesis that the progenitors of Clovis were derived from an Upper Paleolithic population on the Iberian Peninsula (Europe) |
| glacial inversion method | reconstruct ice sheets from landforms exposed on former beds): image, map, data reduction, reconstruction |
| oxygen isotope ratios (in ice cores and forams) | largely reflect variations in continental ice volume and therefore sea level changes |
| DSDP/ODP/IODP | Deep Sea Drilling Program / Ocean drilling Program / Integrated Ocean Drilling Program |
| magnetic reversals | reversals of polarity in the earths magnetic field which can be seen in the rock record (~700,000 yrs ago) |
| optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating | dating method which uses the last time minerals were exposed to daylight; Uses N to determine how long since it was last exposed to sunlight |
| Heinrich events | iceberg discharge causing large amount of freshwater to enter the northern Atlantic Ocean and shutdown the ocean currents |
| Vostok | largest subglacial lake in Antarctica |
| EPICA | European Project for Ice Coring in Antarctica |
| Lake Algonquin | Very high water level stage ~ 605’ |
| Lake Agassiz | large moat-like lake in front of the Laurentide ice sheet |
| Lakes Chippewa and Stanley | very low water level stage ~ 227’ |
| Lake Algoma | a bit higher than today ~ 585’ |
| Lake Whittlesey | Highest of the lake level stages ~ 225 m (737’) |
| Lake Bonneville | Large Pleistocene lake (current size if the great salt lake in Utah |
| Champlain Sea | Salt water lake that formed in New England during the last ice age |
| Trimlines | most recent highest extent of a glacier |
| Paleoshorelines | Old/Ancient shorlines |
| periglacial environments | intense freezing (permafrost covered areas) |
| patterned ground | distinct geometric shapes formed in the ground in periglacial areas |
| pingoes | mound of earth-covered ice formed in a periglacial enviroment |
Created by:
bizz1441
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