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Ap Psych 7A
Memory
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| memory | persistence of learning overtime |
| Atkinson-Shiffrin Three-Stage Model | encoding, storage, retrieval |
| enconding | processing information into the memory systems |
| storage | retention of encoded information over time |
| retrieval | process of getting information out of memory storage |
| Modified version of the three stage model | sensory memory, short term memory, long term memory |
| sensory memory | immediate and brief recording of sensory information |
| short term memory | holding 7 +/-2 digits briefly |
| long term memory | relatively permanent and limitless storehouse |
| working memory | new understanding of short term memory, focusing on couscious, active processing |
| parallel processing | processing many aspects of a problem simultaneously |
| automatic processing examples | space, time, frequency, setting |
| effortful processing | requires attention and conscious effort |
| rehearsal | conscious repetition of information |
| spacing effect | distributed practice over time |
| 3 levels of processing | visual, acoustic, semantic |
| spiral position effect | recall best the last or first items of a list |
| recency | knowing the back end of a list |
| primary | knowing the front end of a list |
| mnemonics | memory aids |
| chunking | small groups |
| acronym | shortenings of words |
| hierarchy | visually organize |
| iconic memory | momentary sensory memory of visual stimuli |
| echoic memory | momentary sensory memory of auditory stimuli |
| magic number | seven |
| link method | connecting pictures and a story/meaning |
| long term potentiation | increase of firing potential in a neuron after brief, rapid simulation |
| flashbulb memories | clear memory of an emotionally significant moment |
| amnesia | loss of memory |
| retrograde amnesia | don't remember before |
| anterograde amnesia | don't remember new |
| implicit memory | unconscious memory "non-declarative" |
| explicit memory | memory of facts that one consciously knows "declarative" |
| recall | person must retrieve information learned earlier |
| recall example | fill in the blank |
| recognition | person needs to identify information |
| recognition example | multiple choice |
| relearning | assesses the amount of time saved by learning something a second time |
| 2 retrieval cues | priming and mnemonics |
| priming | activation of particular associations |
| 2 context effects | deja vu and setting |
| deja vu | i've experienced this before |
| mood congruent memory | tendency to recall experiences that are consistent with one's current mood |
| storage decay model | Ebbinghaus curbe |
| proactive interference | prior learning disrupts the recall of new information |
| retroactive interference | new learning disrupts the recall of old information |
| repression | defense mechanism that banishes anxiety-arousing thoughts |
| misinformation effect | incorporating misleading information into memory of an event (error) |
| source amnesia | attributing the wrong source to an event |
Created by:
jducttape
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