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ch. 15
Treatment of Psychological Disorders
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Psychotherapy | An interaction between a therapist and someone suffering from a psychological problem, with the goal of providing support or relief from the problem |
Eclectric Psychotherapy | Treatment that draws on techniques from different forms of therapy, depending on the client and the problem |
Psychodynamic Psychotherapies | A general approach to treatment that explores childhood events and encourages individuals to develop insight into their psychological problems |
Resistance | A reluctance to cooperate with treatment for fear of confronting unpleasant unconscious material |
Transference | an event that occurs in psychoanalysis when the analyst begins to assume a major significance in the client's life and the client reacts to the analyst based on unconscious childhood fantasies |
Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) | A form of psychotherapy that focuses on helping clients improve current relationships |
Behavior Therapy | A type of therapy that assumes that disorder behavior is learned and that symptom relief is achieved through changing overt maladaptive behaviors into more constructive behaviors |
Token economy | A form of behavior therapy in which clients are given "tokens" for desired behaviors, which they can later trade for rewards |
Exposure therapy | An approach to treatment that involves confronting an emotion-arousing stimulus directly and repeatedly, ultimately leading to a decrease in the emotional response |
Systematic Desensitization | A procedure in which a client relaxes all the muscles of her or her body while imagining being in increasingly frightening situations |
Cognitive Therapy | A form of psychotherapy that involves helping a client identify and correct any distorted thinking about self, others, or the world |
Cognitive Restructuring | A therapeutic approach that teaches clients to question the automatic beliefs, assumptions, and predictions that often lead to negative emotions and to replace negative thinking with more realistic and positive beliefs. |
Mindfulness mediation | A form of cognitive therapy that teaches an individual to be fully present in each moment; to be aware of his or her thoughts, feelings, and sensations; and to detect symptoms before they become a problem |
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) | A blend of cognitive and behavioral therapeutic strategies |
Person-centered therapy | An approach to therapy that assumes all individuals have a tendency towards growth and that this growth can be facilitated by acceptance and genuine reactions from the therapist |
Gestalt Therapy | An existentialist approach to treatment with the goal of helping the client become aware of his or her thoughts, behaviors, experience, and feelings and to "own" or take responsibility for them |
Group Therapy | Therapy in which multiple participants (who often do not know one another at the outset) work on their individual problems in a group atmosphere |
Antipsychotic drugs | Medications that are use to threat schizophrenia and related psychotic disorders |
Psychopharmacology | The study of drug effects on psychological states and symptoms |
Antianxiety medications | Drugs that help reduce a person's experience of fear or anxiety |
Antidepressants | A class of drugs that help lift people's mood |
Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) | a treatment that involves inducing a mild seizure by delivering an electrical shock to the brain |
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) | A treatment that involves placing a powerful pulsed magnet over a person's scalp, which alters neuronal activity in the brain |
Phototherapy | A therapy that involves repeated exposure to bright light |
Psychosurgery | Surgical destruction of specific brain areas |
Placebo | An inert substance or procedure that has been applied with the expectations that a healing response will be produced |
Iatrogenic illness | A disorder or symptom that occurs as a result of medical or psychotherapeutic treatment |