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Unit 5/6
Waves light and sound Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Medium | The material or stuff that a wave passes through. Waves travel trough the material without actually moving the material with it; like snapping a towel. |
| electromagnetic wave | The name of waves propagating(moving) through space, and also as photon/light particles traveling through space, carrying radiant energy. doesn't require a medium |
| transverse wave | The "T" wave- the name of waves that move the medium at right angles to the direction in which the waves are traveling. |
| longitudinal waves | The name of waves that move particles parallel to the direction the wave is moving, “push-pull” waves. Sound is an example. |
| surface waves | What is a mechanical wave that typically is a combination of a transverse and longitudinal wave that creates tumbling waves like the OCEAN |
| amplitude | in a transverse wave – What is the height away from the “rest” position. LOUD |
| wavelength | What is the distance between two corresponding parts of a wave. It is a full "cycle" in a wave. |
| frequency | What is the number of complete waves that pass a given point in a certain period of time, measured in HERTZ |
| wave speed | what is equal to the wavelength times the frequency? |
| reflection | What are waves that bounce back named? |
| refraction | What is the bending of a wave due to the wave moving from one type of medium into another. |
| interference | When two or more waves meet, they interact. This interaction is called? |
| constructive interference | What is the combining of waves to cause higher amplitude of any of the original waves- it builds the wave. |
| destructive interference | when the combining of the waves produce a new wave with a smaller amplitude than the beginning waves it is called? It can breakdown a wave. |
| standing wave | the combining of the incoming and reflected wave so that the resulting wave appears to be standing still is called a _____? |
| resonance | What is it called when vibrations traveling through an object matches the natural vibrations of an object. I.e. an opera singer hitting a note and shattering a crystal glass? |
| sound wave | What is a mechanical wave that is an oscillation of pressure transmitted through some medium (like air or water), |
| pitch | What is it called when high frequency yields high sounds Low frequency yields low sounds? |
| Doppler effect | What is the change in frequency of a wave (or other periodic event) for an observer moving relative to its source. It is commonly heard when a vehicle sounding a siren or horn approaches, passes, and recedes from an observer |
| decibel | Loudness – A sound level is measured in ______? |
| radiation | What is a process in which energetic particles or energetic waves travel through a vacuum, or through matter-containing media that are not required for their propagation. like the sun. |
| speed of light | commonly denoted c, what is the universal physical constant important in many areas of physics. Its value is exactly 299,792,458 meters per second, This is approximately or about 671 million miles per hour. |
| electromagnetic spectrum | What is the range of all possible frequencies of waves and radiation called?. |
| microwave | What is used in microwave ovens to cook food, and is in cell phones? |
| radio wave | What are the Longest wavelengths & lowest frequency of the EMS? AM – Amplitude modulation: same frequency waves just a change in the amplitude to get different sounds etc. FM – Frequency Modulation: slight changes in frequency |
| infrared waves | What is the energy called used in Fast Food Heat Lamps, or use as a night time surveillance tool. |
| visible light spectrum | What is all of what human eyes can see is called??? These are the colors in order: (ROYGBIV) The Spectrum is the whole rainbow of color. |
| ultraviolet light | What is the energy that is from the Sun which helps the body produce vitamin D, too much exposure can cause skin cancer |
| X-rays | What is used extensively in medicine to see “into” the body |
| Gamma rays | What is used in medicine to treat cancer or destructive radiation from nuclear explosions. Alpha, Beta and Gamma |
| primary colors of light | The 3 colors of light that can combine to form all other colors are Red, Blue, Green (R, B, G) |
| Primary colors of pigment | Magenta, Yellow and Cyan (simplified in elementary school as red, yellow and blue) |
| Does sound travel in space? | Without a medium, air-liquid-solids, sound doesn't travel at all. |
| What does travel through space? | An electromagnetic wave. |
| What type of a wave is sound? | Longitudinal (with compression and rarefaction) |
| What type of a wave is an electromagnetic wave? | It is made of 2 transverse waves. One being the "electro" wave and the second being the "magnetic" wave. It does not require a medium and will travel through space. |
| How do I know if any object is resonating at it's resonance frequency? | It will vibrate, in sympathy with the sound, so the wave will keep increasing in amplitude. This is constructive interference. |
| Sound travels faster in what medium? | It is according to density. The tighter the density the closer the atoms are and so the sound bounces atom into atom like a domino effect. |
| Draw and label a longitudinal wave | practice to do this for the test. |
| Draw and label a transverse wave | practice to do this for the test. |
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NJHS Physical Science
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