Question 1

Although only fragments remain, some of our best information about early Indian history comes from the Indika, written by

Accepted Answer

Megasthenes

Question 2

Megasthenes was

Accepted Answer

the author of the Indika

Question 3

During the time of the Aryans, the Indian political landscape was characterized by

Accepted Answer

a series of small kingdoms

Question 4

The Indian political scene changed dramatically in 520 B.C.E. when new administrative techniques were introduced after the invasion of the

Accepted Answer

Persians

Question 5

In 327 B.C.E., India was thrown into political chaos by the invasion of

Accepted Answer

Alexander of Macedon.

Question 6

Alexander of Macedon’s invasion of which country in 327 B.C.E. caused political chaos that eventually led to the country’s unification?

Accepted Answer

India

Question 7

The kingdom that played a leading role in Indian unification, after the withdrawal of Alexander of Macedon, was

Accepted Answer

Magadha

Question 8

The first ruler to unify India was

Accepted Answer

Chandragupta Maurya.

Question 9

Kautalya was

Accepted Answer

the main advisor to Chandragupta Maurya

Question 10

The harsh political philosophy of Chandragupta Maurya and Kautalya is recorded in the

Accepted Answer

Arthashastra

Question 11

The Arthashastra reflected the political philosophy of

Accepted Answer

Chandragupta Maurya

Question 12

The Mauryan emperor Ashoka fought his bloodiest battle against

Accepted Answer

Kalinga

Question 13

The capital of Ashoka’s empire was

Accepted Answer

Pataliputra

Question 14

The high point of Mauryan success came during the reign of

Accepted Answer

Ashoka

Question 15

The rock and pillar edicts were issued by

Accepted Answer

Ashoka

Question 16

One of the biggest financial problems of the later Mauryan period was the ruler’s decision to

Accepted Answer

debase the currency

Question 17

After the collapse of the Mauryan empire, India

Accepted Answer

returned to a series of regional kingdoms.

Question 18

After the collapse of the Mauryan dynasty, northwest India was controlled by the Bactrians, who spoke

Accepted Answer

Greek

Question 19

The Kushans in India reached their peak under

Accepted Answer

Kanishka

Question 20

The year 320 C.E. saw the creation of the Gupta dynasty by

Accepted Answer

. Chandra Gupta.

Question 21

Politically, the Guptas

Accepted Answer

left local government and administration in the hands of their allies

Question 22

The eventual collapse of the Gupta state was partially caused by an invasion by the

Accepted Answer

White Huns

Question 23

The success and timing of trade, through the Indian Ocean basin, largely depended on

Accepted Answer

understanding the rhythms of the monsoon winds

Question 24

The two great Indian epics, the Mahabharata and the Ramayana

Accepted Answer

commonly portrayed women as weak-willed and emotional creatures

Question 25

One of the most pronounced examples of patriarchal dominance in ancient India was

Accepted Answer

the common practice of child marriage.

Question 26

One of the biggest transformations of the caste system during this period was

Accepted Answer

the rise of guilds, which essentially served as jati

Question 27

Essentially, much of the responsibility for maintaining social order in India during these years fell to

Accepted Answer

the jati

Question 28

Ancient Indian religion revolved around ritual sacrifices offered by whom?

Accepted Answer

brahmins

Question 29

The Charvaka sect believed

Accepted Answer

that the gods were figments of the imagination

Question 30

The beliefs of the Charvakas

Accepted Answer

reflected the increasingly materialistic character of Indian society

Question 31

Vardhamana Mahavira

Accepted Answer

was a great Jainist teacher

Question 32

The founder of Jainism was

Accepted Answer

Vardhamana Mahavira.

Question 33

The religious group that carefully swept the ground before them as they walked to avoid harming any invisible insects was the

Accepted Answer

Jains

Question 34

The Jains adhered to the principle of nonviolence to other living things or their souls, which is expressed in the word

Accepted Answer

ahimsa

Question 35

Ahimsa refers to

Accepted Answer

the Jain principle of nonviolence

Question 36

The greatest social contribution of the Jains was

Accepted Answer

the fact that they did not recognize social hierarchies based on caste.

Question 37

The Buddha believed that salvation came from

Accepted Answer

leading a balanced and moderate life.

Question 38

The fundamental doctrine of Buddhism was known as the

Accepted Answer

Four Noble Truths

Question 39

Theravada Buddhism is also known as

Accepted Answer

Hinayana Buddhism

Question 40

The bodhisattva is associated with what religion?

Accepted Answer

Buddhism

Question 41

The Indian work that deals with a dialogue between the warrior, Arjuna, and his charioteer, Krishna, is the

Accepted Answer

Bhagavad Gita.

Question 42

When Krishna tells Arjuna, in the Bhagavad Gita, “Having regard to your own duty, you ought not to falter, for there is nothing better for a kshatriya than a righteous battle,” he is referring to what Hindu principle?

Accepted Answer

dharma

Question 43

The line, “As a man, casting off old clothes, puts on others and new ones, so the embodied self, casting off old bodies, goes to others and new ones,” comes from the

Accepted Answer

Bhagavad Gita

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