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Pharmacology
ENDOCRINE Diabetes Melllitus
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is Diabetes Mellitus? | A chronic disorder of CHO metabolism, resulting form the overproduction and underutilization of glucose due to teh lack of or inactivity of insulin |
| Without _____ glucose increase in the blood causing ____. | Insulin; hyperglycemia |
| Diabetes mellitus is a common cause of _____ | hyperglycemia |
| A patient may have ____ because of a lack of insulin production or because of insulin ___ defects | hyperglycemia; receptor |
| Differnce in the source of _____ account for the two type soy diabetes mellitus Type____ and type ____. | Type 1 and type 2 |
| Premature atherosclerosis/ peripheral vascular disease Retinopathy/progressive blindness Nephropathy/renal vascular disease Neuropathy (numbness of extremities, loss of sensation, difficulty in controlling urination, impotence, orthostatic hypotension) | Are complications resulting from diabetes |
| Increased frequency of infections Non healing ulcers of the lower extremities may indicate chronic vascular disease Smoking may increase vascular complications … are…. | Are complications resulting from diabetes |
| Type 1 ( IDDM) is ___ | Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus |
| Type 1 Diabetes an individual has an ______ deficiency of insulin from the beta cells of the ____ | absolute deficiency; pancreas |
| Re: type 1 diabetes onset most commonly occurs before the age of ____, but can occur in the adult as well | 20 |
| What is a possible cause of Type 1 diabetes? | Autoimmune reaction |
| Patients with Type ____ diabetes mellitus require exogenous insulin for _____ | type 1 ;life |
| What are the possible treatments for type 1 diabetes? | Balanced diet Insulin Routine exercise (increases glucose use by tissues) Good hygiene |
| What is Type 2 diabetes known as ____ | (Formerly called NIDDM / Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus) |
| _____ is the most common form of diabetes | Type 2 |
| If an individual has Type 2 diabetes the individual has a relative lack of )))) ( or resistance to its effect | Insulin deficiency |
| A patient with Type 2 DM may have_____ or ____ insulin levels, but an altereted insulin sensing mechanism causes the liver to overproduce glycose | normal or elevated |
| How do you manage type 2 DM? | Weight loss Regular physical exercise Smoking cessation Decrease alcohol consumption Oral hypoglycemics May require exogenous insulin |
| What is Gestational Diabetes? | Glucose intolerance that develops during pregnancy |
| Regarding Gestational Diabetes ___ insulin ____ be used during ____ | Exogenous; insulin; may; pregnancy |
| _____ may develop Type 2 diabetes within __ to ___ years if weight is not controlled. | Woman; 10 to 15 eyars |
| How do you prevent hyperglycemia? | Prevention: Adhere to prescribed diet & exercise Take prescribed dose of insulin or oral medication Report fever, infection, prolonged vomiting or diarrhea Reduce stress as much as possible |
| What is the goal of treatment for hyperglycemia? | Prevention: Adhere to prescribed diet & exercise Take prescribed dose of insulin or oral medication Report fever, infection, prolonged vomiting or diarrhea Reduce stress as much as possible |
Created by:
jwhite223
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