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Chapter 5 Vocabulary
vocab.
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| work | transfer of energy that occurs when a force makes an object move,measured in joules. |
| power | amount of work done,or the amount of energy transferred, divided by the time required to do the work or transfer the energy;measured in watts (W). |
| machine | device that makes doing work easier by increasing the force applied to an object, changing the direction of an applied force,or increasing the distance over which a force can be applied. |
| input force | ... |
| output force | ... |
| mechanical advantage | ratio of the output force exerted by a machine to the input force applied to the machine. |
| efficiency | ratio of the output work done by the machine to the input work done on the machine,expressed as a percentage. |
| simple machine | machine that does work with only one movement lever,pulley,wheel and axle,inclined plane,screw,and wedge. |
| lever | simple machine consisting of a bar free to pivot about a fixed point called the fulcrum. |
| pulley | simple machine that consists of a grooved wheel with a rope,chain,or cable running along the groover;can be either fixed or movable. |
| wheel and axle | simple machine that consists of a shaft or axle attached to the center of a larger wheel,so that the shaft and the wheel rotate together. |
| inclined plane | simple machine that consists of a sloping surface,such as a ramp,that reduces the amount of force needed to lift something by increasing the distance over which the force is applied. |
| screw | simple machine that consists of an inclined plane wrapped in a spiral around a cylindrical post. |
| wedge | simple machine that is an inclined plane with one or two sloping slides. |
| compound machine | machine that is a combination of two or more simple machines. |